arXiv:2607.29394cs.CVcs.AI2026-07

用单次前向传播生成逼真乳腺癌动态增强MRI,无需对比剂。

Dense Temporal Contrast Synthesis via Conditioned Latent Transport

论文配图:Dense Temporal Contrast Synthesis via Conditioned Latent Transport
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 基于条件潜空间传输,锚定解剖结构预测任意时间点的对比增强。
  • 合成图像使肿瘤分割Dice系数提升22.4%(0.60对0.49),边界误差降超39%。
  • 四名放射科医生在70%病例中认为合成图像可支持与真实影像相同的诊疗决策。

动态对比增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI)对乳腺癌管理至关重要,但依赖钆基对比剂(GBCAs)限制了禁忌人群使用,延长扫描时间,并带来环境毒性问题。对比合成提供无创替代方案,但现有方法难以兼顾空间真实感与时间连续性,存在采样慢、结构先验利用不足及缺乏临床验证等问题。本文提出一种新型条件潜空间传输框架,仅需一次前向传播即可预测对比增强过程。通过将潜变量轨迹锚定于非对比期解剖结构并引入连续时间条件,模型可生成患者特异性的时间序列对比增强。该方法在空间、感知、时间及分布度量上均优于基线与当前最优模型。在独立外部队列上验证,其对扫描仪噪声及不同采集协议导致的域偏移具有鲁棒性。此外,合成对比增强显著提升下游肿瘤分割性能,相对基线提高22.4%的Dice系数(0.60 vs. 0.49,p < 0.01),边界分割误差减少超39%,优于所有其他生成模型。最后,由四位乳腺放射科医师参与的阅片研究评估了40例随机病例的图像质量、动力学保真度及诊断可行性。结果显示,在70%病例中,合成图像提供的信息足以支持与真实DCE-MRI相同的诊疗决策,为更安全、快速的无对比或低对比成像流程提供了可行路径。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is essential for breast cancer management, but reliance on gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) restricts use in contraindicated populations, prolongs scan protocols, and presents environmental toxicity concerns. Contrast synthesis offers a non-invasive alternative; however, existing approaches struggle to balance spatial realism with temporal continuity, suffer from slow iterative sampling, underutilize structural priors, and lack clinical validation. We propose a novel conditioned latent transport framework that predicts contrast enhancement in a single forward pass. By anchoring the latent trajectory to the pre-contrast anatomy and applying continuous time conditioning, the model synthesizes patient-specific contrast evolution at any acquisition time. The proposed approach outperforms baseline and the state-of-the-art models across spatial, perceptual, temporal, and distributional metrics. Evaluated on an independent external cohort, the method demonstrates robustness to domain shifts induced by scanner noise as well as differing acquisition protocol. Furthermore, our synthetic contrast enhancement significantly improved downstream tumor segmentation performance, yielding a 22.4% relative increase in Dice coefficient (0.60 vs. 0.49 baseline pre-contrast, p < 0.01), reducing boundary segmentation error by over 39%, while outperforming all other generative model baselines. Finally, a reader study involving four breast radiologists evaluated the image quality, kinetic fidelity, and diagnostic viability of our synthesized sequences across 40 randomly selected cases. The results demonstrated that in 70% of cases, synthesized images provided sufficient clinical information to support the same management decisions as real DCE-MRI, suggesting a path toward safer and faster contrast-free or contrast-reduced imaging workflows.

医学影像对比合成潜空间DCE-MRI

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