arXiv:2607.29659cs.LGcs.DC2026-07中稿 · IEEE SPAWC 2026

通过量化降低边缘设备能耗,实现高效联邦学习部署。

GQ-FSL: Green Quantized Federated Split Learning Framework for Wireless Edge Networks

论文配图:GQ-FSL: Green Quantized Federated Split Learning Framework for Wireless Edge Networks
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 在本地与传输中采用随机量化,减少计算与通信开销。
  • 支持客户端与服务器端不同精度,提升能效且不降收敛性。
  • 适合资源受限的无线边缘设备,显著优于传统方法。

在无线边缘网络中部署先进的深度神经网络(DNN)受到移动设备严苛的能源与资源限制严重制约。尽管联邦分拆学习(FSL)通过将计算任务卸载至边缘服务器减轻了设备负担,但仍存在系统开销高、中间激活值、梯度和子模型频繁交换导致显著能耗的问题。为此,本文提出绿色量化分拆学习(GQ-FSL)框架,对本地协同训练与无线传输均引入随机量化机制。值得注意的是,该框架支持客户端与服务器端子模型采用异构精度,有效解耦设备能耗约束与全局收敛性能下降。为量化此权衡,我们构建了分拆架构的参数化能耗模型,并推导出在数据统计异质条件下的理论收敛界。在此基础上,建立联合优化问题,以配置DNN分拆点与精度水平,在满足严格延迟与目标准确率约束的前提下,最小化系统总能耗。最终验证表明,GQ-FSL可实现大规模DNN在资源受限设备上的部署,相比量化联邦学习与全精度FSL具备更优能效表现。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Deploying state-of-the-art deep neural networks (DNNs) at the wireless edge is severely bottlenecked by the strict energy and resource constraints of mobile devices. Although federated split learning (FSL) alleviates on-device computational burdens by offloading workloads to an edge server, this may introduce systemic overheads, while the continuous exchange of intermediate activations, gradients, and submodels still incurs significant energy consumption (EC). To address this, we propose a green quantized FSL (GQ-FSL) framework that incorporates stochastic quantization for both local collaborative training and wireless transmissions. Notably, GQ-FSL supports asymmetric precision levels for the client- and server-side submodels, effectively decoupling device energy constraints from global convergence degradation. To quantify these tradeoffs, we develop parameterized energy models for the split architecture and derive a theoretical convergence bound under statistically heterogeneous data. Building on that, we formulate a joint optimization problem to configure the DNN split point and precision levels, minimizing the total system EC while satisfying strict latency and target accuracy constraints. Ultimately, we demonstrate that GQ-FSL enables large-scale DNN deployment on resource-constrained devices, achieving superior energy efficiency compared to quantized federated learning and full-precision FSL.

联邦学习边缘计算量化能效优化

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