用熵引导提升文本生成多样性,不改模型只调采样。
Exploring More to Solve More: Boosting Diversity in Text Diffusion Models via Entropy-Based Guidance

- 基于核矩阵熵设计可解释的采样引导信号。
- 在保持生成质量前提下,多样性提升12.3%(代码任务)。
- 适合需要多解生成的推理类任务,如编程与数学题。
尽管扩散模型在图像等连续域中实现了高质量生成与可控性,但将其可控性引入离散序列化的文本生成仍具挑战。现有采样策略和引导方法仅调整词元概率,未能捕捉更广泛的语义结构,导致保真度与多样性难以兼顾。本文提出一种无需训练的语义感知核熵(SAKE)引导方法,通过计算包含跨词元语义交互与相对位置信息的核格矩阵的二阶瑞尼熵,线性化嵌入空间目标,获得可计算的引导信号。该信号动态调节采样分布:在冗余时平滑分布以促进探索,在多样时锐化分布以保证保真。实验证明,本方法在保真度与多样性之间取得更优权衡,且在代码与数学等推理密集型任务中,多样本表现优于温度缩放与离散引导基线。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Although diffusion models have revolutionized continuous domains like image synthesis through high quality generations and controllable guidance mechanisms, bringing this controllability to the discrete, sequential nature of text remains an open challenge. Meanwhile, current sampling strategies and guidance methods adjust token likelihoods without capturing the broader semantic landscape, leading to a suboptimal balance between fidelity and diversity. In this work, we introduce a novel training-free Semantic-Aware Kernel Entropy (SAKE) guidance method. Our method computes the order-2 Rényi entropy over a kernel Gram matrix that captures both cross-token semantic interactions and relative token positions. By linearizing this objective in the embedding space, we derive a tractable guidance signal that dynamically adjusts the sampling distribution, flattening it to encourage exploration during redundancy and sharpening it for fidelity when diverse. Empirical experiments demonstrate that our approach achieves a superior Pareto frontier between fidelity and diversity, and improves multi-sample performance on reasoning-intensive tasks, such as code and mathematics generation, compared to temperature scaling and discrete guidance baselines.
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