针对脑电生成中时间不均等问题,提出自适应时序调度框架。
Not All EEG Moments Are Equal: Position-Adaptive Time Scheduling for EEG Generation

- 基于条件流匹配,按位置动态调整生成时序进度
- 在三个数据集上降低TS-FID达62.2%,分类准确率提升6.77个百分点
- 适合需要高质量脑电信号增强的脑机接口研究者
脑电图(EEG)生成对缓解数据稀缺、推动脑机接口大规模神经建模至关重要。现有基于流的方法假设每个通道和时间片段共享单一全局时序进展,忽视了不同脑电时刻的异质性。为此,我们提出一种基于条件流匹配的自适应生成框架,引入位置自适应时序调度机制,通过追踪各位置重建误差,动态调节流匹配轨迹中的位置特异性时序进度。同时,融合分解式时空注意力与频率对齐的多分辨率谱一致性损失,建模体积传导引起的通道间依赖关系,并补偿脑电信号的幂律谱偏移,从而提升生成信号质量。在三个具有不同采集协议和任务语义的脑电数据集上的大量实验表明,本框架持续优于最强基线,使TS-FID降低最高达62.2%,下游分类准确率提升最高达6.77个百分点。结果表明,该方法为真实世界脑机接口应用提供了可扩展、高保真的数据增强新路径。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Electroencephalography (EEG) generation is essential for alleviating data scarcity and enabling large scale neural modeling in brain computer interface applications. However, existing flow based approaches assume that every channel and every time segment within a sample shares a single global time progression, overlooking the fact that not all EEG moments are equal. To address this overlooked heterogeneity, we propose an adaptive EEG generation framework built on conditional flow matching. The framework introduces Position-Adaptive Time Scheduling, which tracks per position reconstruction error to modulate a position specific time progress within the flow matching trajectory. It further incorporates Factorized Spatio-Temporal Attention and a frequency aligned multi resolution spectral consistency loss to model inter channel dependencies induced by volume conduction and compensate for the power law spectral bias of EEG, thereby improving the quality of generated signals. Extensive experiments on three EEG datasets with distinct acquisition protocols and task semantics show that our framework consistently outperforms the strongest baseline, reducing TS-FID by up to 62.2\% and improving downstream classification accuracy gain by up to 6.77 percentage points. These results suggest that the proposed method represents a promising step toward scalable, high fidelity data augmentation for real world brain computer interface applications.
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