arXiv:2608.00559cs.CV2026-08

让图像检测器在测试时自适应新生成模型,提升真实与伪造图片识别能力。

Test-Time Curriculum for Open-Set AIGC Detection

论文配图:Test-Time Curriculum for Open-Set AIGC Detection
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 基于课程学习,在无标签测试数据上逐步优化检测器。
  • 在40个生成模型上测试,对未知模型的检测准确率显著提升。
  • 适合需要持续更新的AI内容安全系统,尤其应对新型生成工具。

部署于开放环境的AI生成图像检测器会因新出现的强大生成模型而遭遇分布偏移。现有方法虽通过改进表征或训练数据增强跨生成器泛化能力,但通常采用一次性训练、部署后无法更新的静态模式。本文从测试时自适应角度研究开放集AIGC图像检测,提出测试时课程学习(TTC)框架,一种简单且模型无关的方法,通过课程式自训练在未标注测试数据上动态优化检测器。TTC从高置信伪标签样本开始,逐步引入更难但信息量大的样本,同时采用类别均衡选择以缓解生成器偏移带来的更新偏差。为进一步提升伪标签质量,引入跨尺度伪标签精炼机制,通过多分辨率证据聚合获得更可靠适应结果,并在推理时使用噪声或融合强化最终判断。此外,构建了新基准AIGCGuard,包含3,100张真实图像和来自40个最先进开源及专有文生图模型的124,000张生成图像。在五个基准上的大量实验表明,TTC在多种未知生成器偏移下显著提升整体检测性能,建立了一个实用有效的开放集生成图像检测测试时自适应框架。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

AI-generated image detectors deployed in open-world environments inevitably face distribution shifts as new and stronger generative models continue to emerge. Although existing methods improve cross-generator generalization through better representations or training data construction, they typically follow a static train-once-and-deploy paradigm and cannot adapt after deployment. In this work, we study open-set AIGC image detection from a test-time adaptation perspective. We propose Test-Time Curriculum (TTC), a simple and model-agnostic framework that adapts a detector on unlabeled test data through curriculum-based self-training. TTC starts from highly reliable pseudo-labeled samples and progressively incorporates harder yet informative cases, while enforcing class-balanced selection to reduce biased updates under generator shift. To further improve pseudo-label quality, we introduce Cross-Scale Pseudo-Label Refinement, which aggregates complementary evidence across multiple resolutions for more reliable adaptation, and applies noisy-or fusion at inference to strengthen final predictions. In addition, we construct AIGCGuard, a new benchmark containing 3,100 representative real images and 124,000 generated images from 40 of the most advanced open-source and proprietary text-to-image models. Extensive experiments on five benchmarks show that TTC substantially improves overall detection performance under diverse unseen-generator shifts, establishing a practical and effective test-time adaptation framework for open-set generated image detection.

AIGC检测测试时自适应伪标签开放集识别

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