用可控策略自动适配CT数据预处理,提升跨设备与任务的稳定性。
CT-PrepAgent: Bounded Policy and Controlled Execution for Adaptive CT Data Preparation

- 基于结构化数据-任务画像生成可约束的决策策略
- 在3个公开数据集上实现最高平均Dice得分
- 支持故障恢复与安全隔离,适合医疗影像自动化场景
异构的计算机断层扫描(CT)采集方式和多样的下游任务需求限制了固定数据预处理流程在不同数据源和任务间的迁移能力。现有方法通常依赖人工设计或数据集特异性规则,难以在采集条件或分析目标变化时无需人工干预。大语言模型(LLM)在自动化医疗工作流中展现出潜力,但其在自适应CT数据预处理中的应用仍待探索。为此,我们提出CT-PrepAgent,通过有界策略与受控确定性执行实现自适应CT数据准备。确定性检查构建结构化的数据-任务画像,由策略决定合适的DICOM序列或预定义预处理方案;受控执行流程则负责守护、解决、执行并验证决策,启用时具备有限恢复能力,否则进入安全隔离。在三个公开的CT分割任务中,CT-PrepAgent生成了数据-任务自适应的预处理决策,并取得了最高的宏平均Dice系数。在两个私有原始DICOM队列上,其验证输出率从61.7%提升至70.0%,且在共同验证输出上保持相似的配准指标。受控故障与重播测试验证了在测试故障与漂移设置下的有界恢复、安全隔离及无策略重播能力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Heterogeneous computed tomography (CT) acquisitions and diverse downstream task requirements limit the transferability of fixed data preparation workflows across data sources and tasks. Existing approaches typically rely on manually designed or dataset-specific rules, making it difficult to accommodate changes in acquisition conditions and analytical objectives without manual intervention. Large language model (LLM)-based agents have shown promise for automating medical workflows, yet their potential for adaptive CT data preparation remains largely unexplored. To bridge this gap, we propose CT-PrepAgent, which enables adaptive CT data preparation through a bounded policy and controlled deterministic execution. Deterministic inspection constructs structured data--task profiles, from which a policy decides an eligible DICOM series or predefined preprocessing profile, while the controlled execution flow guards, resolves, executes, and verifies the decision with bounded recovery when enabled and safe quarantine otherwise. Across three public CT segmentation tasks, CT-PrepAgent derived data-task adaptive preprocessing decisions and achieved the highest macro-average Dice. On two private raw-DICOM cohorts, CT-PrepAgent increased verified output yield from 61.7\% to 70.0\% and yielded similar registration metrics on common verified outputs. Controlled fault and replay tests validate bounded recovery, safe quarantine, and policy-free replay under tested fault and drift settings.
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