为私有大模型代理通信设计细粒度披露协议,防止敏感信息泄露。
MNC: Scope-Bound Semantic Declassification for Private LLM-Agent Communication
- 基于任务需求选择最小必要信息,绑定接收方与使用范围。
- 实验表明传统方法会泄露额外推理信号,而MNC可完全阻断越权操作。
- 适合需要严格隐私保护的多智能体系统开发者使用。
多智能体大语言模型系统即使公开输出看似无害,仍可能通过内部消息、工具参数、日志和持久记忆暴露敏感状态。现有隐私提示、内容删减和访问控制仅限制表面内容或数据访问,未明确合法知情代理应披露什么及如何下游复用。本文提出最小必要通信(MNC)协议,一种带类型的语义解密机制:从应用编写者提供的候选集合中选取任务充分的披露内容,并绑定接收方、用途、转发权限、生命周期、日志与内存作用域。参考监视器在后续操作中强制执行这些范围;历史感知扩展则考虑重复披露累积的推理风险。受控的语义连接、内存操作、探测与纵向实验显示,传统防御虽保留协议级效用,但暴露显著额外推理信号。在相同接收文本下,MNC维持授权传递,同时阻止未授权转发、日志记录、持久存储及过期后检索——这是纯文本语义解分类器无法实现的。两次双骨干MAGPIE执行进一步证明,经中介披露的信息可正确传播至后续规划、工具调用、协作与记忆检索。结果支持基于作用域的语义解密作为私有大模型代理系统的实用通信边界。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Multi-agent large language model (LLM) systems can expose protected state through internal messages, tool arguments, logs, and persistent memory even when their public outputs appear innocuous. Existing privacy prompts, redaction methods, and source-level access controls restrict surface content or data access, but do not specify what a legitimately informed agent should disclose or how that disclosure may be reused downstream. We introduce Minimum-Necessary Communication (MNC), a typed semantic-declassification protocol that selects a task-sufficient disclosure from an application-authored candidate family and binds it to explicit recipient, purpose, forwarding, lifetime, logging, and memory scopes. A reference monitor enforces these scopes across subsequent operations, while a history-aware extension accounts for inference risk accumulated over repeated disclosures. Controlled semantic-join, memory, probing, and longitudinal experiments show that conventional defenses can preserve protocol-level utility while exposing substantial additional inference signal. Under identical receipt text, MNC preserves authorized delivery while blocking unauthorized forwarding, logging, durable storage, and retrieval after expiration that a text-only semantic declassifier permits. Two-backbone MAGPIE executions further show that mediated disclosures propagate through subsequent planning, tool use, coordination, and memory retrieval. These results support scope-bound semantic declassification as a practical communication boundary for private LLM-agent systems.
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