用神经算子快速精准预测颅脑聚焦超声场,支持个性化治疗模拟。
tFUSOperator: Operator Learning for Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Digital Twins

- 将超声场预测建模为算子学习问题,融合解剖结构与物理坐标。
- 在可见和不可见颅骨上定位焦点准确度分别达90%和72%的Dice值。
- 比数值模拟快5.6万倍,且可使用MRI输入,适合临床实时应用。
经颅聚焦超声(tFUS)需要精确估计颅内声场,但颅骨会引起声波畸变。数值求解器虽准确,但计算成本高,难以满足数字孪生中频繁重估的需求。现有深度学习代理模型多采用固定网格上的体素到体素回归,缺乏对声能通过颅骨传播机制的建模。本文提出tFUSOperator,一种坐标感知的神经算子,将自由场压力、颅骨解剖结构及治疗参数映射到共享物理坐标系下的颅内声场。据我们所知,这是首个基于算子的tFUS场预测框架。在已见和未见颅骨上,模型焦点定位准确率分别达到约90%和72% Dice;使用磁共振(MR)输入时性能接近使用计算机断层扫描(CT),且运行速度比数值模拟快5.6×10⁴倍。结果表明,该方法为患者特异性tFUS治疗提供了快速、无辐射的数字孪生路径。代码开源:https://github.com/CMME-Lab/tFUSOperator.git。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) requires accurate estimation of the intracranial acoustic field, which is distorted by skull-induced aberrations. Numerical solvers are accurate but computationally expensive for digital twins, where the field must be re-estimated repeatedly as treatment conditions change. Existing deep-learning surrogates are fast but typically use voxel-to-voxel regression on a fixed grid, with no mechanism reflecting how acoustic energy propagates through the skull. We instead cast tFUS simulation as an operator learning problem and propose tFUSOperator, a coordinate-aware neural operator that maps the free-field pressure, skull anatomy, and treatment parameters to the intracranial field within a shared physical coordinate frame. To our knowledge, this is the first operator-based formulation of tFUS field prediction. On both seen and unseen skulls, the model localizes the acoustic focus accurately-reaching about 90% and 72% Dice, respectively-and it performs nearly as well from magnetic resonance (MR) as from computed tomography (CT) input while running $5.6 \times 10^4$ times faster than numerical simulation. These results suggest a fast, radiation-free route to safe and practical digital twins for patient-specific tFUS treatment. The code is available at: https://github.com/CMME-Lab/tFUSOperator.git.
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