解决视觉惯性导航中特征观测不足问题,提升低视差下的定位精度。
TANGO-VIO: Triangulation-Aware Navigation with Guaranteed Feature-Observability for Visual-Inertial Odometry

- 通过构建基于方向加权的最小偏差速度修正,动态保证特征可观测性。
- 在纯旋转或低视差运动下,三角化条件显著改善,定位更稳定。
- 适用于无人机等需要高可靠导航的实时系统,实测验证有效。
在视觉辅助导航与视觉惯性里程计中,三维特征点的三角化质量是状态估计精度的基础。当相机仅发生纯旋转而无平移,或观测方向向量提供的视差不足时,三角化会变得病态甚至无法实现。尽管视觉惯性里程计已广泛研究,但导航过程中主动维持特征可观测性尚未充分解决。为此,本文提出TANGO-VIO,一种三角化感知的导航框架,将特征级堆叠方向矩阵的对数行列式度量嵌入控制屏障函数。该方法通过施加聚合三角化信息度量的下界,以名义方向加权的最小偏差速度修正,从特征几何角度建立可观测性保障。所提架构通过软硬件在环仿真与真实飞行实验评估,结果表明在低视差运动下三角化条件显著改善,飞行响应与仿真行为高度一致,验证了该安全滤波器的实际可行性。补充材料可在项目网页获取。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
In vision-aided navigation and visual-inertial odometry, the quality of triangulated three-dimensional feature positions is a fundamental prerequisite for state estimation accuracy. Triangulation becomes ill-conditioned or even impossible when a camera undergoes pure rotation without translation, or when the observed bearing vectors provide insufficient parallax. Even though visual-inertial odometry has been extensively studied, the active maintenance of feature-observability during navigation has not been sufficiently addressed in the literature. To address this gap, this study presents TANGO-VIO, a triangulation-aware navigation framework that embeds a log-determinant metric of the feature-wise stacked-bearing matrix into a control barrier function. In this proposed method, the observability guarantee is established in the feature-geometric sense by enforcing a lower bound on the aggregate triangulation-information metric through a nominal-direction-weighted minimum-deviation velocity correction. The proposed architecture is evaluated through software-inthe- loop simulations and real flight experiments. The results show improved triangulation conditioning under low-parallax motion, while the flight response closely reproduces the corresponding simulation behavior and confirms the practical realizability of the proposed safety filter. Supplementary materials are available on the project webpage.
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