arXiv:2608.02099cs.ARcs.AI2026-08中稿 · the 59th IEEE/ACM …被引 2

提出新架构让3D高斯渲染加速器可扩展,大幅提升并行效率。

DeGS: A Scalable 3DGS Architecture via Decoupled Workload Parsing and Reorganization

论文配图:DeGS: A Scalable 3DGS Architecture via Decoupled Workload Parsing and Reorganization
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 拆分渲染流程为解析、重组、融合三阶段,消除冗余
  • 16到1024个处理单元下,处理器利用率超80%
  • 在720p至8K分辨率下,速度提升1.82至7.25倍

3D高斯点阵(3DGS)已成为实时新视角合成的主流技术,但现有3DGS加速器存在架构可扩展性差的问题:增加处理单元(PE)数量时,渲染性能提升有限。根源在于‘边检查边混合’的数据流紧密耦合,加剧了因高斯分布不规则导致的空间冗余,以及并行执行中像素级异步终止带来的时间冗余。为此,我们提出DeGS,一种高效可扩展的3DGS推理架构。通过解耦数据流,将标准渲染中的α检查、透射率检查与α混合过程重构为连续的负载解析、重组与混合三个阶段。这使得碎片化、长度可变且具有时间依赖性的任务被重组为紧凑、无冲突、密集的任务,从而显著提升并行混合阶段的处理单元利用率。基于28纳米工艺实现,DeGS在不同场景与分辨率(720p至8K)下,相比先进加速器GSCore、GBU、GCC,吞吐量提升2.36×–7.25×,端到端速度提升1.82×–6.02×,能效提升1.59×–4.42×。当处理单元从16增至1024时,高分辨率下仍保持超过80%的处理器利用率,显著优于现有方案。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) has emerged as a leading technique for real-time novel view synthesis, yet existing 3DGS accelerators suffer from poor architectural scalability: increasing the number of PEs leads to marginal performance improvement during rendering. We identify that the root cause is the tightly coupled ``checking-while-blending'' dataflow, which exacerbates PE underutilization caused by spatial redundancy from irregular Gaussian coverage and temporal redundancy from asynchronous pixel-wise termination under parallel execution. To address this issue, we propose DeGS, a scalable architecture for efficient 3DGS inference. To systematically eliminate the redundancies inherent in rendering, DeGS exploits a decoupled dataflow, restructuring the coupled $α$-checking, transmittance checking, and $α$-blending of the standard rendering process into consecutive workload parsing, reorganization, and blending stages. This allows the fragmented, length-variable, and temporal-dependent workloads to be reorganized into compact, conflict-free, and dense workloads prior to blending, thereby significantly improving PE utilization during parallel blending. Implemented in 28 nm technology, DeGS achieves 2.36$\times$--7.25$\times$ throughput, 1.82$\times$--6.02$\times$ end-to-end speedup, and 1.59$\times$--4.42$\times$ energy efficiency over state-of-the-art 3DGS accelerators (GSCore, GBU, GCC) across diverse scenes and resolutions (720p to 8K). Moreover, scaling from 16 to 1024 PEs, DeGS maintains over 80\% PE utilization at high resolutions, significantly outperforming existing accelerators.

3D高斯加速器可扩展并行优化

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