arXiv:2608.02904cs.RO2026-08

机器人自组装电力网络,局部通信下逼近最优布线

DeRP: An Algorithm for Self-Assembly of Power-Delivery Networks using Recursive Branching in Information-Limited Environments

论文配图:DeRP: An Algorithm for Self-Assembly of Power-Delivery Networks using Recursive Branching in Information-Limited Environments
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 基于局部通信与方向感知,递归分叉构建电力网络
  • 网络长度约为全局最优的125%,功率损耗降至65%
  • 适合资源受限、无全局信息的野外机器人集群

在非结构化野外环境中,通过预设布线或电池供电为分布式设备持续供能面临巨大基础设施与物流挑战。本文提出树状递归枢轴(DeRP)算法,一种仅依赖局部通信与朝向感知的去中心化多目标网络构建框架。机器人作为导体,从共同电源出发,自组装电力网络,在局部选择枢轴点形成分支,近似斯坦纳树的斯坦纳点,高效连接多个电源节点。该分叉操作递归进行,实现无需全局规划的可扩展、自适应网络构建。实验评估了总网络长度与估算功耗,与需完全知晓节点位置的全局基准(如最小生成树、几何斯坦纳树)对比:DeRP形成的网络长度约为全局最优的125%,功率损耗仅为欧几里得斯坦纳树的65%。此外,通过测量不同规模下的仿真完成时间,发现当节点数增至100时,计算时间呈现亚线性增长。该方法使在传统基建难以部署的环境中实现弹性、自适应的电力供给成为可能。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Delivering sustained power to distributed equipment in unstructured field environments using pre-planned wired networks or battery-based solutions presents significant infrastructure and logistics challenges. This paper presents Dendritic Recursive Pivoting (DeRP), a decentralized framework for multi-target network formation in robot swarms based solely on local communication and bearing-based sensing toward sinks. We envision a system in which robots, acting as a conduit, self-assemble a power network from a common source, forming branches at locally selected pivot points that approximate the Steiner points of Steiner trees to efficiently route to multiple Sinks. This branching operation is performed recursively to enable scalable and adaptive network formation without global planning. The proposed method is evaluated in terms of the total network length and estimated power loss, and is quantitatively compared against global baselines such as the Minimum Spanning Tree and Steiner tree solutions (GeoSteiner), which require complete knowledge of Sink locations. Specifically, we found that the networks formed by DeRP asymptotically form approximately 125\% of the global minimum length while reducing power losses to 65\% relative to Euclidean Steiner trees. In addition, we empirically characterize scaling behavior by measuring simulation completion time as the number of Sinks and robots increases, and find that this scaling was sub-linear for up to 100 sinks. The proposed approach enables resilient, adaptive power delivery in environments where deployment of traditional infrastructure is challenging.

机器人集群电力网络自组织

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