arXiv:2608.03010cs.RO2026-08被引 5

动态组织变形下仍能安全引导手术机器人,提升微创手术安全性。

Forbidden Region Dynamic Active Constraints in Robot-Assisted Minimally Invasive Surgery

论文配图:Forbidden Region Dynamic Active Constraints in Robot-Assisted Minimally Invasive Surgery
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用深度相机感知呼吸导致的组织形变,动态调整约束区域。
  • 12万+多边形网格在43.48Hz下实时运行,保障实时性。
  • 相比传统方法更鲁棒、更高效,适合临床手术系统部署。

在机器人辅助手术中,禁入区主动约束(FRAC)通过生成各向异性的触觉引导来保障操作安全。然而,要使FRAC在临床远程手术中应用,仍需克服动态组织形变适应性、能量被动性及实现速度等挑战。本文提出一种能耗耗散型FRAC策略,利用深度感知相机应对呼吸引起的组织动态变形。所提方法采用精细网格表示,案例中包含122,806个多边形,运行频率达43.48Hz。通过虚拟外科医生进行体外轨迹跟踪实验,定量评估该方法在保持任务安全方面的有效性——所有试验均成功维持预设安全距离。对比实验表明,该方法在鲁棒性和时间效率上优于依赖简单几何约束表示的其他FRAC方法,且时间成本相当甚至更低。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

In robot-assisted surgery, Forbidden Region Active Constraints (FRAC) represent a control strategy that helps maintain task safety by generating anisotropic haptic guidance to surgeons. However, several challenges need to be overcome before FRAC can benefit teleoperative surgery in a clinical setting. These challenges include the ability to allow for dynamic tissue deformation, maintain energetic passivity, and speed of implementation, among others. In this study, we propose the pipeline design for an energy dissipative FRAC strategy, which accommodates the dynamic tissue deformation caused by respiratory movements, by utilizing a depth sensing camera. The proposed FRAC strategy adopts a fine mesh representation, with a total number of 122,806 polygons in the case study presented, while running at 43.48Hz. We designed in vitro trajectory tracking experiments conducted by a "virtual" surgeon to aid quantitative assessment of the method, including its effectiveness in maintaining task safety, which was confirmed by successfully maintaining a pre-defined safety distance across all trials. We also conducted comparative studies to investigate the robustness and time-efficiency of our method against other FRAC methods that rely on simple geometry AC representations. We demonstrate that our method provides a more robust and effective guidance overall, while maintaining comparable, if not lower, time costs.

手术机器人动态约束触觉反馈

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