arXiv:2608.03136cs.CV2026-08

不更新参数,直接用高分辨率推理提升跨城市目标检测性能。

Frozen High-Resolution Inference for Cross-City Object Detection: An AI City Challenge 2026 Study

  • 冻结模型权重,仅在1120×1120分辨率下推理,无需训练。
  • 小物体检测提升最明显,中等物体绝对增益最大,整体AP从0.3272升至0.3654。
  • 揭示了域内验证指标在聚合反馈下的不可靠性,适合研究跨域泛化方法者参考。

跨城市目标检测需使一个城市训练的检测器泛化到未标注的目标城市。在AI City Challenge 2026 Track 6中,我们分析了一个RF-DETR-Large模型在隔离式训练即服务平台中的配置:服务器仅返回隐藏混合源城市与目标城市图像的聚合COCO风格平均精度(AP)。对704×704训练的检查点进行冻结的1120×1120推理,在无任何参数更新情况下达到最高聚合AP(0.3272 → 0.3654,+0.0382),小物体相对增益最大,中等物体绝对增益最大,输入像素为原2.53倍。一次1120像素预热微调方案达0.3470,其域内验证AP从0.767升至0.789,提示域内验证在聚合反馈下不可靠。因该运行使用更高置信度阈值(0.05 vs. 0.01),其结果仅作描述性记录,非可控比较依据。灰度世界归一化未显著影响冻结1120结果,矩形输入被审计发现误用竖版方向。所有平台命令、配置快照及证据边界均公开。每配置仅提交一次,最佳结果由隐藏服务器选定,属探索性、可审计发现,不构成目标城市特定性能提升。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Cross-city object detection requires a detector trained in one city to generalize to an unlabeled target city. In AI City Challenge 2026 Track 6, we analyze archived configurations of a single RF-DETR-Large detector inside an air-gapped Training-as-a-Service platform whose server returns only an aggregate COCO-style AP over a hidden mixture of source- and target-city images. Frozen 1120 x 1120 inference of a checkpoint trained at 704 x 704 achieved the highest aggregate AP among the evaluated configurations (0.3272 -> 0.3654, +0.0382) without any parameter update, with the largest relative gain on small objects and the largest absolute gain on medium objects, at 2.53x the input pixels. A warm-start 1120px fine-tuning recipe reached 0.3470 while its in-domain validation AP rose (0.767 -> 0.789), a caution that in-domain validation is an unreliable model-selection signal under aggregate-only cross-city feedback. Because that run's evaluation used a higher confidence threshold than the inference-only runs (0.05 vs. 0.01), we treat its score as a descriptive archived outcome rather than a controlled verdict on fine-tuning. Gray-world normalization did not meaningfully change the frozen-1120 result, and a rectangular run was found by audit to have used an unintended portrait orientation. We release verbatim platform commands, configuration snapshots, and an explicit evidence boundary for every claim. Each configuration was submitted once and the best was selected on the hidden server, so these are exploratory, audited findings about the aggregate mixture; they do not establish target-city-specific improvement.

目标检测跨城市冻结推理模型泛化

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