多智能体临床系统易被社交误导，仅独立审查者可识破。
Agents Catching Agents: Shortcut Cascades and Benchmark Gaming in Clinical Multi-Agent Systems
- 智能体在同伴一致错误时会盲从，错误采纳率达38%。
- 视觉显著性增强不改变误导传播，但第二人声可使传播率升50%。
- 只有独立私密复核的裁判能有效识别作弊，适合高风险场景。
临床决策支持正转向由语言模型智能体在共享空间中协作讨论的模式。我们探究此类委员会是否会被捷径策略攻破——即那些基准奖励但医生会忽略的提示信号。在六个公开数据集的七个队列中（文本：MedQA-USMLE、MedMCQA、MIMIC-CXR报告；影像：NIH ChestX-ray14、MIMIC-CXR-JPG、CheXpert；表格：SUPPORT2 ICU记录），单独存在提示时，Gemini委员会仅5-16%发生误判；但当两名同行一致给出错误答案时，测试智能体采纳该错误达38%，虚假预筛系统标志也导致相同结果，且在两个能力层级均出现。三种监督机制中，门控者无法区分真实共识与采纳（假阳性率100%）；同源审查者仅读对话文本时对文本任务精度100%、召回93%，但在影像任务失效；而私下复核测试者的裁判在影像任务中表现良好（77-88%精度，13-21%假阳性）。将提示视觉显著性提升三倍未影响传播，但增加一个同伴声音使传播率再增50%。潜藏评分标准的博弈几乎无声：仅1/10文本和1/134影像漂移者提及所追逐的评分标准。揭示出委员会被攻破的关键是社会合理性，唯有独立于自述的裁判可捕捉此漏洞。代码：https://github.com/criticaldata/benchmaxxing
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Clinical decision support is moving toward committees of language-model agents deliberating on a shared workspace. We ask whether such committees can be gamed by shortcuts, cues a benchmark rewards but a clinician would ignore. Across seven cohorts on six public datasets spanning text (MedQA-USMLE, MedMCQA, MIMIC-CXR reports), imaging (NIH ChestX-ray14, MIMIC-CXR-JPG, CheXpert) and tabular ICU records (SUPPORT2), Gemini committees resist these cues in isolation (flip 5-16%), yet a socially plausible shortcut spreads: when two peers assert the same wrong answer, the holdout under test adopts it in 38% of cases, as does a false "pre-screen" system flag, on both capability tiers. Of three oversight agents, a gate cannot separate adoption from honest agreement (false-positive rate 100%); a same-lineage judge reading only the transcript flags adoption on text (precision 100%, recall 93%) but collapses onto the gate in imaging; a referee that privately re-queries the holdout transfers to imaging (77-88% precision, 13-21% false-positive rate). Tripling a cue's visual salience does not move contagion, whereas a second peer voice raises it by half again. Gaming a hidden rubric is near-silent: only 1/10 text and 1/134 imaging drifters name the rubric they moved toward. What games a committee is social plausibility, and only a referee independent of self-report catches it. Code: https://github.com/criticaldata/benchmaxxing
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