通过动态分配感知精度,让觅食智能体更高效维持生理需求。
Interoceptive Attention as Dynamic Homeostatic Prioritization in a Foraging Agent
- 根据身体需求优先级动态分配感知精度,提升生存能力。
- 在多通道环境中生存率提升超一倍,达0.414(对照组0.199)。
- 精度聚焦加速自身状态学习,体现为更快的适应性行为。
生物系统需在有限感知带宽下调节多重竞争需求,而任何固定预算系统都必须决定感知精度的分配策略。本文研究一个需维持多个生理需求以存活的觅食智能体,采用主动推断建模。每一步中,智能体读取自身身体状态信念,识别最急需的通道,并将固定的间觉精度预算集中分配至该通道,使相同精度塑造的似然同时用于信念更新与规划。在四通道觅食网格世界AffectWorld中,这种选择性分配使学习阶段生存率超过对照组两倍以上(0.414 vs 0.199,跨11种布局,每布局32次种子,配对聚类自助法检验,p ≤ 10⁻⁴)。进一步发现:收益既来自感知也来自规划,若仅剥夺规划端的精度塑造,收益减半;且精度必须指向最需通道,否则效果劣于均匀分配。被关注通道的学习速度约快一倍,即使观测次数匹配仍保持领先,表明精度路由带来的行为优势体现在学习速率而非单纯生存结果。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Biological systems must regulate competing needs under limited perceptual bandwidth, where sharpening one estimate costs the capacity to sharpen the others. Any fixed-budget system therefore has to decide where to allocate its perceptual precision. We study this in a foraging agent that must keep several bodily needs satisfied to survive, modelled with active inference. At each step it reads its own body-state beliefs, identifies the most-needed channel, and reallocates a fixed budget of interoceptive precision toward it, so that the same precision-shaped likelihood feeds both belief update and planning. In AffectWorld, a four-channel foraging gridworld, this selective allocation more than doubles learning-phase survival at matched budget against a uniform-precision agent ($0.414$ vs $0.199$ across 11 layouts, $n{=}32$ seeds each, paired cluster-bootstrap $p \leq 10^{-4}$). Two further results sharpen the mechanism. The benefit runs through planning as well as perception, since denying the shaped likelihood to the planner alone removes about half of it. It is also need-aligned, since aiming precision at the least-needed channel does worse than spreading it evenly. The attended channel additionally learns its own dynamics about twice as fast, and stays ahead even at matched observation count, a behavioural trace of the same precision routing, visible in learning speed, not survival.
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