动态调整每个锚点的参数量,实现更紧凑的动态辐射场表示。
ACA-GS: Adaptive-Capacity Anchored Gaussian Splatting for Compact Dynamic Radiance Fields

- 根据局部时空需求动态分配神经高斯数量和特征通道
- 在复杂区域集中资源,在简单区域减少冗余,存储压缩最高提升1.5倍
- 适合追求高保真且低存储的动态场景重建任务
4D高斯点阵(4DGS)虽实现了高质量、实时的时空渲染,但存在运动表达能力与存储效率之间的根本权衡。现有基于锚点的设计通过锚点级参数共享实现紧凑性,但其固定统一的参数化方式强制每个锚点使用固定的神经高斯数量和特征预算。因此,当精度不足时,只能通过增加锚点密度来弥补,而非轻量级地提升特定区域的神经高斯数量或特征容量,造成内存浪费。为此,本文提出自适应容量锚点框架,根据局部时空需求动态分配表示容量。自适应锚点基数可调整每锚点的神经高斯数量,将基础元素集中在几何或运动复杂的区域,抑制冗余;同时,自适应锚点特征掩码调节锚点级特征通道,为复杂区域分配丰富特征,为简单区域采用轻量化表示。在MPEG、Panoptic Sports和N3DV数据集上的实验表明,该方法在不降低视觉质量的前提下实现显著的存储缩减。尤其在具有复杂运动的MPEG序列上,相比最先进锚点方法,本方法压缩率最高提升1.5倍,同时保持相近画质。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Recent advances in 4D Gaussian Splatting (4DGS) enable high-fidelity, real-time spatiotemporal rendering, but expose a fundamental trade-off between motion expressiveness and storage efficiency. While anchor-based designs achieve compactness through anchor-level parameter sharing, their rigid uniform parametrization enforces fixed Neural Gaussian counts and feature budgets per anchor. Consequently, insufficient fidelity is addressed by excessive anchor density, rather than lightweight, targeted increases in Neural Gaussian count or feature capacity, resulting in memory waste. To overcome this rigidity, we introduce an adaptive-capacity anchor-based framework that dynamically allocates the representational capacity based on local spatiotemporal demands. Adaptive Anchor Cardinality varies the number of Neural Gaussians per anchor, concentrating primitives in regions of high geometric or motion complexity while suppressing redundancy. In parallel, Adaptive Anchor Feature Masking modulates anchor-level feature channels, assigning rich features to complex regions and lightweight representations to simpler ones. Experiments on MPEG, Panoptic Sports, and N3DV datasets demonstrate substantial storage reduction without degrading visual quality. Notably, on challenging MPEG sequences with complex motion, our method achieves up to 1.5x higher compression than state-of-the-art anchor-based methods while preserving comparable quality.
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