arXiv:2608.06137cs.LG2026-08

不训练模型,通过技能库动态选择能力,提升表格模型适应性。

SkillTFM: Gated Skill Evolution for Training-Free Adaptation of Tabular Foundation Models

论文配图:SkillTFM: Gated Skill Evolution for Training-Free Adaptation of Tabular Foundation Models
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用可验证的技能库替代参数微调,实现零训练适配。
  • 在真实电价预测中AUC提升0.128至0.142,非线性边界性能从0.699升至0.898。
  • 适用于多种表格基础模型,尤其适合无标签数据场景。

表格数据广泛存在于科学、工业、金融、医疗和公共服务等领域,对数据驱动的预测与决策至关重要。表格基础模型(TFMs)作为通用表格学习的新范式,可在不同数据集间复用预测器,显著减少特定任务的训练、调参与模型开发需求。然而,其实际部署受限于分布偏移、异构特征语义及任务特异性模式,这些通常需昂贵的微调或额外标注数据才能捕捉。为此,我们提出SkillTFM,一种无需训练的系统,将TFM适配从参数更新转向代理技能的门控演化。核心是可验证且可扩展的技能库,结合边界证据识别与门控技能演化:前者刻画任务结构与基础模型失效模式,后者在显式验证下检索并扩展可复用技能。在模拟边界设置和真实世界电价预测中,SkillTFM使AUC提升0.128–0.142,非线性边界AUC从0.699提升至0.898。跨多种TFM主干网络的实验表明SkillTFM具有有效性与通用性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Tabular data are ubiquitous in real-world applications and are crucial for data-driven prediction and decision-making across science, industry, finance, healthcare, and public services. Tabular foundation models (TFMs) have emerged as a promising paradigm for general-purpose tabular learning, offering reusable predictors across diverse datasets and substantially reducing the need for task-specific training, tuning, and model development. However, their practical deployment remains constrained by distribution shifts, heterogeneous feature semantics, and task-specific patterns that are difficult to capture without costly fine-tuning or additional labeled data. To this end, we propose SkillTFM, a training-free system that shifts TFM adaptation from parameter updates to the gated evolution of agentic skills. The core of SkillTFM is a verifiable and extensible skill bank that couples boundary evidence identification with gated skill evolution: the former characterizes task structure and base-model failure patterns, whereas the latter retrieves and extends reusable skills subject to explicit validation. Across simulated boundary settings and real-world electricity-price forecasting, SkillTFM improves AUC by 0.128--0.142, raises nonlinear-boundary AUC from 0.699 to 0.898. Furthermore, experiments across TFM backbones demonstrate the effectiveness and generality of SkillTFM.

表格模型零样本适配技能库无训练

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