用手机拍照就能自动识别牙齿位置、编号和分割，适合偏远地区远程看牙。

Oral health issues affect billions of people globally, but the cost and limited access to professional dental care hinder preventive oral healthcare. Research relies on clinical-grade sensors, unavailable for public self-screening. This study introduces a tooth localisation and numbering model for smartphone photographs. We developed a customised Mask Region-based Convolutional Neural Network pipeline trained on 1,272 annotated smartphone images. To address variability in patient-generated health data, the pipeline incorporates two domain-informed mechanisms: a masked gray-world white-balancing algorithm to mitigate artificial colour casts and an anatomically constrained detection layer to enforce structural validity and suppress false positives. The system was evaluated using internal and external testing, descriptive ablation study and training stability analysis. On the internal test set, the model achieved an instance-mask AP50 of 0.818, class-aware PQ of 0.780, and operational F1 of 0.884. On the external dataset, the model achieved an instance-mask AP50 of 0.901, class-aware PQ of 0.832, and operational F1 of 0.928 despite differences in population, sensors, and acquisition protocols. The inference pipeline is available as an open-source, containerised API. These results demonstrate that consumer-grade smartphone imagery can support automated tooth-level anatomical mapping, offering a scalable, potentially low-cost foundation for remote screening and tele-dentistry in resource-constrained environments.