无需训练,直接从噪声中恢复动态无散斑图像
Implicit Neural Speckle Denoising

- 用时空隐式神经表示+孔径感知最大似然法建模散斑相关性
- 在模拟与实验中显著提升空间保真度和时间一致性
- 适配任意孔径形状且无需重训练,适合动态相干成像
散斑从根本上限制了相干成像,因其引入乘性、空间相关的噪声而模糊场景结构。对于无法利用传统散斑平均的动态场景,去噪尤为困难。本文提出一种无需训练的框架,结合时空隐式神经表示与孔径感知的最大似然公式,直接从噪声观测中恢复动态无散斑影像。相干似然显式建模了散斑的空间协方差随孔径变化的特性,使系统可适应任意光圈几何形状而无需重新训练。基于FFT加速算子、随机近似与共轭梯度的矩阵无关实现,使优化适用于真实图像尺寸。同时,盲留出准则可在无干净参考数据时自动实现早停。模拟与实验室结果表明,相比经典、无监督及有监督基线方法,本方法在空间保真度、时间一致性及对不同散斑统计的鲁棒性方面均有显著提升。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Speckle fundamentally limits coherent imaging by introducing multiplicative, spatially correlated noise that obscures scene structure. Removing speckle noise from dynamic scenes--that do not benefit from conventional speckle averaging--is particularly challenging. We introduce a training-free framework that combines a spatiotemporal implicit neural representation with an aperture-aware maximum-likelihood formulation to recover dynamic, speckle-free imagery directly from noisy observations. The coherent likelihood explicitly models the aperture-dependent spatial covariance of speckle, enabling adaptation to arbitrary pupil geometries without retraining. A matrix-free implementation based on FFT-accelerated operators, stochastic approximations, and conjugate gradients makes optimization practical for realistic image sizes. Meanwhile, a blind holdout criterion provides automatic early stopping without clean reference data. Simulated and laboratory results demonstrate improved spatial fidelity, temporal consistency, and robustness to varying speckle statistics relative to classical, unsupervised, and supervised baselines.
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