通过语言隐喻识别思想框架，揭示左右翼播客差异
Discovering Conceptual Metaphors Across Topics and Media Types
- 无监督方法提取语言隐喻并聚类为概念隐喻
- 左翼播客更将媒体视为武器，右翼更视经济为垂直系统
- 适用于政治话语分析与跨媒体语义研究
概念隐喻通过将抽象体验（如缴税）映射到具体身体经验（如扛重物）来引导我们的思维和行为（Lakoff and Johnson, 2011）。不同隐喻导致不同认知框架：将缴税视为对社区的投资而非负重，会带来截然不同的税收观。因此，识别说话者或作者所依赖的概念隐喻，有助于揭示其对事件的建构方式。尽管概念隐喻无法直接观察，但语言中的隐喻表达群可作为其证据。受此启发，我们提出一种无监督方法，从语料中提取语言隐喻，并采用结构化聚类生成对应于概念隐喻的组群。利用该方法，我们揭示了左右翼播客在主题和叙事框架上的关键差异：左翼播客常将媒体故事概念化为武器，而右翼则多将经济描述为受垂直变化影响的系统。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Conceptual metaphors guide our thinking and actions by allowing us to reason about more abstract experiences (e.g., paying taxes) in terms of more concrete or embodied experiences (e.g., carrying a physical load) (Lakoff and Johnson, 2011). It follows that different conceptual metaphors can result in different reasoning: framing paying taxes as an investment in a community rather than a physical load leads to a very different outlook on taxation. Identifying the conceptual metaphors guiding a speaker or writer thus helps to reveal their framing of events. Though these metaphors can't be observed directly, groups of linguistic metaphors, metaphorical expressions as they appear in language, serve as evidence for them. Motivated by this, we present an unsupervised method that extracts linguistic metaphors from a corpus and uses a structured clustering approach to form groups corresponding to conceptual metaphors. Using this method, we point to key topical and framing differences in left- vs. right-leaning podcasts. For example, left-leaning podcasts tend to conceptualize media stories as a weapon, while right-leaning sources commonly discuss the economy as a system subject to vertical changes.
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