用注意力机制替代图结构,高效生成复杂流体的分布态。
Fluid-DiT: Graph-Free Diffusion Transformers for Fluid Flow Simulations Learning

- 用Transformer注意力代替图神经网络消息传递,无需手工设计图结构。
- 在圆柱尾流等测试中,样本质量与分布准确性均优于基线方法。
- 可从短轨迹泛化到未知雷诺数和几何形状,适合大规模流体模拟。
模拟复杂流体需捕捉完整平衡分布而非仅均值轨迹,但高保真求解器计算成本过高。近期基于扩散模型与图神经网络的DGNs可直接从非结构网格采样平衡态,实现分布精度。然而图结构方法存在人工架构约束、消息传递感受野有限及多尺度设计昂贵等问题,限制其在更大更复杂域上的扩展。本文提出无图扩散变压器Fluid-DiT,以注意力机制取代图消息传递,消除显式图设计,同时保留对混沌流体分布的建模能力。框架采用潜在空间形式,解耦几何保真度与分布学习,减少高频伪影并加速采样。凭借Transformer的全局感受野,Fluid-DiT自然捕获局部流结构与长程相关性,无需分层图简化。在标准基准如层流圆柱尾迹、椭圆流系统和三维机翼湍流实验中,其样本质量与分布准确性持续优于图基扩散基线,获得更高R²相关系数和更低Wasserstein距离。此外,能从短而不完备轨迹泛化至未见雷诺数与几何,展现强可扩展性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Simulating complex fluid flows requires capturing full equilibrium distributions rather than just mean trajectories, yet high-fidelity solvers remain computationally prohibitive. Recent advances, such as Diffusion Graph Networks (DGNs), have combined diffusion models with graph neural networks to sample equilibrium states directly from unstructured meshes, enabling distributional accuracy even from short simulations. However, graph-based diffusion approaches suffer from hand-crafted architectural constraints, limited receptive fields in message passing, and costly multi-scale designs, which restrict scalability to larger and more complex domains. We propose Fluid-DiT, a Graph-Free Diffusion Transformer that replaces graph message passing with attention-based denoising, eliminating explicit graph design while preserving the ability to model distributions of chaotic flows. Our framework introduces a latent-space formulation that disentangles geometric fidelity from distributional learning, reducing high-frequency artifacts and accelerating sampling. By leveraging the transformer's global receptive field, Fluid-DiT naturally captures both local flow structures and long-range correlations without requiring hierarchical graph coarsening. On canonical benchmarks including laminar cylinder wakes, ellipse-flow systems, and turbulent 3D wing experiments, Fluid-DiT consistently outperforms graph-based diffusion baselines in both sample quality and distributional accuracy, achieving higher $R^2$ correlations and lower Wasserstein distances. Moreover, it generalizes robustly from short, incomplete trajectories to unseen Reynolds numbers and geometries, demonstrating strong scalability.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。