arXiv:2608.07494cs.HCcs.AI2026-08中稿 · TAI综述被引 1

手把手教用户写出高效提示词,提升与大模型的对话效果。

How to Ask the AI: A User Perspective Survey for Large Language Model Prompting

论文配图:How to Ask the AI: A User Perspective Survey for Large Language Model Prompting
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 从用户视角出发,总结提示词设计原则与分类体系。
  • 提出可操作的提示词有效性评估方法,覆盖真实应用场景。
  • 配套开源动态项目,持续更新实用提示指南,适合所有使用者。

以 ChatGPT、DeepSeek 等大语言模型(LLMs)为代表的 AI 工具,让用户仅通过输入请求即可快速获得内容响应,如“规划三天维也纳旅行”“求解附带数学题”“起草询问审稿进展的邮件”等,这类输入称为提示词(prompt)。清晰、结构化的提示词能显著提升大模型输出的相关性,有效促进人机交互。尽管提示词看似简单易用,但要精准构建高效提示词仍需系统化技能,对新手和资深用户均具挑战。本综述从用户中心视角出发,探讨提示词的原理、分类与组织方式。区别于以往侧重技术机制与应用案例的综述,本文提出三项核心贡献:1)建立直观的提示词有效性评估策略;2)在典型应用中演示完整提示流程;3)维护一个动态更新的开源项目,确保核心方法始终贴近实际需求。该工作以持续更新的 GitHub 项目形式呈现,链接为:https://github.com/Yunfan-Zhang/TAI_Guideline-Table。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

AI tools like ChatGPT and DeepSeek, powered by Large Language Models (LLMs), allow users to obtain instant and effective content responses simply by typing requests, such as ``plan a three-day Vienna trip'', ``solve the attached mathematical problem'', ``draft an email to inquire review progress'', etc., which are also known as LLM prompts. Crafting clear and well-structured prompts leads to more appropriate LLM feedback, which effectively bridges human-LLM interaction. Although prompting appears accessible to non-expert users, precisely organizing effective prompts is a highly systematic and skillful process, presenting potential challenges even for experienced users. This survey explores the principles, taxonomy, and organization of prompts from a user-centered perspective. Differing from the existing surveys that primarily focus on technical principles and application scenarios of LLMs, this paper provides actionable guidelines for formulating effective LLM prompts across diverse real-world tasks and specifically contributes by: 1) developing an intuitive evaluation strategy for prompt efficacy, 2) providing prompting workflow demonstrations on representative applications, and 3) maintaining a dynamically updated open-source project to ensure the core takeaways remain up-to-date. These measures lower the threshold for users to correctly understand and craft prompts that align with evolving application scenarios. This work will be maintained as a living GitHub project \href{https://github.com/Yunfan-Zhang/TAI_Guideline-Table}{\textcolor{blue}{here}}.

提示工程用户研究LLM开源项目

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