用智能代理自动处理神经影像,省去手动调参和质检,大幅提升效率。
NeuroPilot: An Agent-Driven Smart Pipeline for Processing, Quality Control, and Managing Neuroimages

- 基于大模型的多代理系统,自动编排影像处理流程。
- 在17个队列中处理超12万例数据,婴儿数据处理完成率达100%。
- 支持多种模态与人群,可将项目周期从数月缩短至一周。
将原始神经影像档案转化为分析可用数据依赖三个脆弱环节:数据标准化、模态特定预处理和质量控制(QC)。尽管单个神经影像工具已相当成熟,但其协同仍需定制脚本、环境适配调优及大量人工质检。为此,我们提出NeuroPilot,一个将影像处理、质检与数据管理知识数字化为三种可由大模型调用的技能的多代理系统:dcm2bids-skill、neuroimage-pre-skill与qc-agent-skill。LLM驱动的代理能自主编排工作流,将不同基础设施环境统一为单一配置,实现最高可扩展性。为验证泛化能力,我们在17个队列(>123,000名受试者)中部署NeuroPilot,覆盖婴幼儿至老年群体及多种MRI模态(结构、弥散、功能)。经dcm2bids-skill标准化后,代理根据可用模态和队列特征动态调度最优pre-skill(如将T1w与fMRI数据交由fMRIPrep处理,或为婴儿队列选用专用流程)。qc-agent-skill通过三重验证系统驱动基于证据的半自动质检,利用3D浏览器仪表盘优化失败案例并上报复杂问题供主管审查。定量评估显示,该质检代理对558例生产数据进行筛查,其自动标记与FreeSurfer拓扑缺陷指标一致。婴儿处理流程在经质量验证输入下达到100%(201/201)完成率。重要的是,NeuroPilot将传统培训与数据处理所需2–3个月压缩至单周内完成。系统已部署于https://wanda-cyberbench.com/。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Transforming raw neuroimage archives into analysis-ready derivatives relies on three brittle stages: data standardization, modality-specific preprocessing, and quality control (QC). While individual neuroimaging tools are well developed, their orchestration requires project-specific scripts, environment-adaptive tuning, and labor-intensive manual QC. To address this, we introduce NeuroPilot, a multi-agent system that digitalizes the expertise of neuroimage processing, QC, and data management into three LLM-invocable skills: dcm2bids-skill, neuroimage-pre-skill, and qc-agent-skill. The LLM-driven agent autonomously orchestrates workflows, generalizing various infrastructure settings into a single configuration to achieve the highest scalability. Demonstrating the system's generalizability, we deployed NeuroPilot across 17 cohorts (>123,000 subjects) spanning infant to aging populations and multiple MRI modalities (structural, diffusion, functional). In practice, after standardizing data via the dcm2bids-skill, the agent dynamically routes datasets to the optimal neuroimage-pre-skill based on available modalities and cohort traits (e.g., dispatching T1w and fMRI data to fMRIPrep, or selecting specialized pipelines for infant cohorts). The qc-agent-skill then drives an evidence-based, semi-automated QC via a 3-D browser dashboard, utilizing a multi-tiered verification system to optimize failed cases and escalate complex issues for supervisor inspection. Quantitatively, our QC agent screened 558 production subjects, validating its automated flags against FreeSurfer's topology-defect metrics. The infant processing pipeline achieved a 100% (201/201) completion rate on QC-validated inputs. Importantly, NeuroPilot compresses the traditional 2--3 month timeline for training staff and processing complete datasets into a single week. NeuroPilot is deployed in https://wanda-cyberbench.com/.
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