arXiv:2608.07586cs.CVcs.LG2026-08

无需存储旧数据,通过几何校准实现稳定增量学习

MAGIC-SSCIL: Manifold Anchoring and Geometric Incremental Calibration for Semi-Supervised Class Incremental Learning

  • 用图传播校准类均值方差,生成虚拟旧类特征
  • 在CIFAR-100等数据集上1%标签时提升准确率
  • 适合低标签场景,尤其细粒度分类任务

半监督增量学习(SSCIL)对神经网络是严峻挑战,尤其在不存储旧样本的设置下。现有方法因特征漂移导致灾难性遗忘,且伪标签随类别增加而愈发不可靠。本文提出MAGIC框架,通过两个核心组件实现无样本稳定学习:一是软加权几何校准(SWGC),在可塑特征空间上使用图传播加权并校准冻结主干网络计算出的类均值与方差,从中采样虚拟特征代表旧任务数据;二是几何结构对齐(GSA)目标,通过匹配学生与教师头的关联结构,并将特征锚点与固定分类器原型对齐,锁定特征空间方向。二者共同抑制适配器漂移,保持类别间几何关系稳定。实验采用冻结的ResNet-18主干与可学习适配器,在CIFAR-100、CUB-200和ImageNet-R上,标签比例为1%、5%、10%时,MAGIC在多数受监督CIL方法及原生SSCIL基线基础上显著提升平均增量准确率,尤其在细粒度、低标签场景下优势明显。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Semi-supervised Class Incremental Learning (SSCIL) is a severe challenge for neural networks, and it is hardest in the exemplar-free setting where no past data may be stored. Existing methods forget catastrophically due to feature drift, and their pseudo-labels become increasingly unreliable as the label space grows. In this paper, we propose MAGIC (Manifold Anchoring and Geometric Incremental Calibration), a framework that stabilizes plasticity without storing exemplars. MAGIC's design centers on two components. The first is Soft-Weighted Geometry Calibration (SWGC), which uses graph-based label propagation on the learner's plastic feature space to weight and calibrate class means and variances computed on the frozen backbone; from these calibrated Gaussians, we sample phantom features that stand in for data from previous tasks. The second is a Geometric Structural Alignment (GSA) objective that preserves representation topology by matching the relational structure of student and teacher heads and aligning feature anchors with the fixed classifier prototypes, locking the orientation of the feature space. Together, these constraints keep the adapter from drifting, so geometric relations between classes remain stable as new classes arrive. We implement MAGIC with a frozen ResNet-18 backbone and a learnable plastic adapter. Across CIFAR-100, CUB-200, and ImageNet-R, at label ratios of 1%, 5%, and 10%, MAGIC improves average incremental accuracy over most of the supervised CIL methods equipped with FixMatch and native SSCIL baselines; the largest gains occur in the fine-grained, low-label setting, where confidence thresholding fails most clearly.

增量学习半监督几何校准低标签

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