首个面向锂电池电极制造的多模态异常检测基准,解决跨模态不一致难题。
LIBAD: A Multimodal Anomaly Detection Benchmark for Li-Ion Battery Electrode Manufacturing

- 提出DA-Core方法,基于特征覆盖与局部密度选择紧凑内存样本
- 在0.05采样率下将误报率从60.4%降至54.3%,推理速度提升43.9%
- 适用于连续工艺制造中的弱关联多模态异常检测场景
多模态工业异常检测主要聚焦于离散产品,依赖强相关的RGB与3D观测,而对连续工艺制造及弱相关传感模态关注不足。本文引入LIBAD,首个面向锂离子电池电极制造的多模态异常检测基准。数据来自真实卷对卷产线,包含双面可见光成像、高分辨率与在线兼容低分辨率X射线透射成像。电极区域材料外观高度均质,缺陷在某一模态可能明显,另一模态却微弱或缺失,导致显著跨模态异常不一致性。在在线可见光与低分辨率X射线设置下,现有方法表现差,泛化能力弱且误报率高。为此提出DA-Core:基于记忆库的算法,联合考虑正常特征的空间覆盖与局部密度进行核心集选择,使小内存库更好保留细微正常差异。在核心集比例为0.05时,相比标准最远点采样,FPR95由60.4%降至54.3%;该结果优于标准核心集在0.20比例下的最佳表现,同时推理时间减少43.9%。结果表明,设计工艺制造异常检测方法时,需显式考虑正常特征分布与模态间关系。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Multimodal industrial anomaly detection has largely focused on discrete products using strongly correlated RGB and 3D observations, leaving continuous process manufacturing and weakly correlated sensing modalities underexplored. We introduce LIBAD, the first multimodal anomaly detection benchmark for Li-ion battery electrode manufacturing. Collected from real roll-to-roll production lines, LIBAD provides aligned double-sided visible-light imaging, high-resolution X-ray radiography, and inline-compatible low-resolution X-ray radiography. Electrode patches in LIBAD exhibit highly homogeneous material appearance, while defect evidence can be strong in one modality but weak or absent in another, resulting in pronounced cross-modal anomaly inconsistency. Benchmarks of representative methods under the inline-compatible visible-light and low-resolution X-ray setting exhibit limited transferability and consistently high false-positive rates. We therefore propose DA-Core, a memory-based method that jointly considers feature-space coverage and local density of normal features during coreset selection, allowing compact memory banks to better preserve fine-grained normal variations. With a coreset ratio of 0.05, DA-Core reduces FPR95 from 60.4% to 54.3% compared with standard farthest point sampling. At this ratio, DA-Core also outperforms the best standard coreset result (obtained at 0.20) while reducing inference time by 43.9%. These results suggest that both the data distribution of normal features and the modality relationship itself require explicit consideration when designing anomaly detection methods for process manufacturing.
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