构建可持久记忆的视觉世界搜索系统,让检索结果始终有源可溯。
Search over the Visual World: Persistent Visual Memory, Layered Indexes, and Source-Grounded Evidence
- 用场景化记忆与分层索引实现持续视觉理解
- 在4个数据集上召回率优于商用引擎(R@1达73.09)
- 适合需要可追溯证据的实时视频分析场景
大多数视频检索系统假设语料库有限,返回排序后的文件或时间戳。而面向摄像头、屏幕、流媒体和档案的智能体面临不同挑战:观测持续输入;模型以不同时间粒度解析;无需重播完整视觉记录即可选择上下文;结果必须与可检验的原始证据关联。本文认为,对这类语料库的搜索是基础设施问题,不能简化为文件排序。我们提出一个概念与形式模型,基于分析器定义的场景、持久理解产物、共存于共享源时间的视觉记忆空间,以及能力声明式索引,区分记忆(全部保留)、上下文(任务选定)与证据(源区间)。视频数据库格式(VDB)实现了该模型,通过类型化搜索界面支持规划检索、状态追踪调查、直接访问与可溯源合成。相比固定接口的视频原生基础模型,本系统将通用组件流水线化,在9,800+查询、4个公开数据集上达到更高宏平均召回率(R@1/@3/@10:73.09/83.39/91.20 vs 65.75/77.13/89.10),仅在R@50略低(96.42 vs 96.07)。当前视觉世界检索质量更取决于系统设计而非视频特化预训练,视觉记忆基础设施可实现高质量检索,并保持可播放、可溯源的证据优先。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Most video-retrieval systems assume a bounded corpus and return ranked files or timestamps. Agents operating over cameras, screens, streams, and archives face a different systems problem: observations arrive continuously; models interpret them at different temporal granularities; context must be selected without replaying the complete visual record; and results must stay connected to inspectable source evidence. We argue that search over such a corpus is an infrastructure problem that cannot be reduced to ranking video files. We develop a conceptual and formal model of search over the visual world built on analyzer-defined scenes, persistent understanding artifacts, visual memory as coexisting scene spaces over shared source time, and capability-declared indexes, distinguishing memory (everything retained), context (what is selected for a task), and evidence (the source intervals that ground it). The VideoDB data format (VDB) realizes this model in production, exposed through a typed search surface spanning planned retrieval, stateful investigation, direct access, and grounded synthesis. We contrast this model-agnostic infrastructure, where segmentation, sampling, model choice, embeddings, and ranking are system decisions and live streams are first-class sources, with video-native foundation models offered as fixed APIs. In a semantic-retrieval comparison against a commercial video-native engine spanning 9,800+ queries over four public datasets, a pipeline of general-purpose components achieves higher macro-averaged Recall@1/@3/@10 (73.09/83.39/91.20 versus 65.75/77.13/89.10), while the baseline is higher at Recall@50 (96.42 versus 96.07). Retrieval quality over the visual world is today governed more by system design than by video-specific pretraining, and visual-memory infrastructure can deliver it while keeping playable, source-grounded evidence first-class.
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