新框架让神经算子适应不同几何形状,精度高且可直接用于流体仿真初始化。
ADEx-FNO: A Unified Ambient-Domain Framework for Fourier Neural Operators on Varying Geometries

- 将物理域嵌入固定超立方体,用距离函数表示几何,统一处理不同网格
- 在2D/3D非线性泊松等问题上误差仅0.32%-0.77%,对不规则几何也有效
- 可作为流体模拟初始场,显著减少迭代次数,适合需要快速启动的工程计算
傅里叶神经算子(FNO)具备高效的非局部谱学习能力,但难以适应不同几何和独立离散化。本文提出环境域扩展傅里叶神经算子(ADEx-FNO),一种无需修改原始傅里叶算子层的确定性框架。每个物理域被嵌入固定超立方体,并由符号距离函数表示。输入与解场被确定性地扩展至环境域,映射到统一的非均匀矩形隐空间网格,经FNO处理后,插值至独立目标离散化并限制回物理域。所有几何转换操作均不在优化过程中,无需可训练图、点云、形变或几何解码模块。ADEx-FNO在2D和3D光滑域的非线性泊松及对流-反应-扩散问题上保持0.32%-0.77%的相对l2误差,亦在未见过的非光滑几何上验证有效。单次推理结果可用于初始化传统CFD求解器;在全部29个2D/3D RANS案例中,伪时间迭代次数平均减少44.17%和43.03%,三类网格分辨率下均获类似提升。URANS案例中,物理时间推进量减少18.52%-27.51%。从2D URANS训练数据迁移至不同马赫数与雷诺数的DNS时,启动间隔缩短23.47%-48.21%。所有测试中,仅提供初始场,后续解由控制方程求解器决定,物理一致性与统计性能独立评估,计算效率提升仍可保证。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Fourier neural operators (FNOs) provide efficient nonlocal spectral learning, but varying geometries and independently chosen discretizations remain difficult to accommodate. We introduce the ambient-domain extension Fourier neural operator (ADEx-FNO), a deterministic framework that incorporates geometry without modifying the defining Fourier-operator layers. Each physical domain is embedded in a fixed ambient hypercube and represented by a signed distance function. Inputs and solution fields are deterministically extended to the ambient domain, transferred to a common, potentially nonuniform rectilinear latent grid, processed by the FNO, then interpolated to an independently chosen target discretization and restricted to the physical domain. All geometry-transfer operations lie outside the optimization procedure and require no trainable graph, point-cloud, deformation, or geometry-decoding modules. ADEx-FNO achieves relative l2 errors of 0.32%-0.77% on held-out smooth-domain nonlinear Poisson and advection-reaction-diffusion problems in 2D and 3D, and is also evaluated on unseen nonsmooth geometries. A single ADEx-FNO inference is then used to initialize conventional CFD solvers. For all 29 converged 2D and 3D RANS cases, pseudo-time iterations decrease, with mean reductions of 44.17% and 43.03%, respectively, with comparable gains across three mesh resolutions. URANS cases reduce post-window physical-time advances by 18.52%-27.51%. In transfer from 2D URANS training data to DNS at different Mach and Reynolds numbers, the bootstrap interval decreases by 23.47%-48.21%, depending on the target statistic. In all CFD tests, ADEx-FNO provides only the initial field; the governing-equation solver controls the subsequent solution, while physical or statistical consistency is assessed separately from computational savings.
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