arXiv:2608.08859cs.LGcs.AI2026-08

动态调整时间窗口,让可穿戴设备实时识别生理异常更准更省资源。

Agentic Anomaly Detection with ORCA-Style Dynamic Inductive Bias Adaptation in Multimodal Wearable Time Series Data

论文配图:Agentic Anomaly Detection with ORCA-Style Dynamic Inductive Bias Adaptation in Multimodal Wearable Time Series Data
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用轻量信号统计量驱动控制器,推理时自动选最佳时间窗口。
  • 在自建数据集上达AUROC 0.99,无需提前调时间范围。
  • 适合资源受限、信号多变的医疗可穿戴设备场景。

无线体域网(WBAN)生成的多变量生理时间序列具有高度非平稳性,且常需在严格计算与内存约束下处理。一个关键但未被充分探索的挑战是选择合适的时序感受野,这作为异常检测模型的强先验偏见。现有方法通常依赖固定时序上下文,在异构信号环境下表现不稳,且需针对数据集调参。我们提出ORCA,一种由智能体控制的异常检测框架,基于轻量信号统计量在推理时动态调整时序感受野。不引入额外可训练参数或学习策略,而是通过监督控制器自主在离散时序上下文中选择,实现状态依赖的先验偏见自适应,无需重训练。在自建的WBAN数据集上,ORCA性能媲美最强的固定上下文基线(AUROC = 0.99),同时无需预先调参时序范围。进一步在MIMIC-IV上评估,作为挑战性的分布外基准,表现出保守的泛化能力,未在异质临床条件下出现性能崩溃。这些结果凸显自适应时序先验偏见控制是资源受限、非平稳生理时间序列异常检测中一种实用且鲁棒的设计原则。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) generate multivariate physiological time series that are highly nonstationary and must often be processed under strict computational and memory constraints. A critical yet underexplored challenge in this setting is selecting an appropriate temporal receptive field, which serves as a strong inductive bias for anomaly detection models. Existing approaches typically rely on fixed temporal contexts, which can perform inconsistently across heterogeneous signal regimes and require dataset-specific tuning. We propose ORCA, an agentically controlled anomaly detection framework that dynamically adapts the temporal receptive field at inference time based on lightweight signal statistics. Rather than introducing additional trainable parameters or learned policies, ORCA employs a supervisory controller that autonomously selects among discrete temporal contexts, enabling state-dependent inductive bias adaptation without retraining. Across a custom WBAN dataset, ORCA achieves performance comparable to the strongest fixed-context baselines (AUROC = 0.99) while eliminating the need to tune temporal horizons in advance. We further evaluate ORCA on MIMIC-IV as a challenging out-of-distribution benchmark, observing conservative generalization behavior without performance collapse under heterogeneous clinical conditions. These results highlight adaptive temporal inductive bias control as a practical and robust design principle for anomaly detection in resource-constrained, nonstationary physiological time series.

异常检测可穿戴设备动态适应生理信号

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