用未增强图像生成乳腺MRI增强图像,减少造影剂使用
Pre- to Post-Contrast Synthesis of Breast DCE-MRI using Latent Bridge Matching

- 通过潜在空间桥梁匹配,从无对比图像逐步推导增强图像
- 肿瘤条件输入使误差降低14%,肿瘤结构相似性提升20%以上
- 适合需减少造影剂的乳腺癌筛查场景,尤其关注肿瘤区域
动态对比增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI)是乳腺癌影像的核心手段,但钆造影剂增加检查负担,催生了合成对比剂替代方案。本文提出一种潜在桥接匹配(LBM)框架,在MAMA-SYNTH挑战设定下,从术前图像合成峰值增强的乳腺DCE-MRI。与传统基于高斯噪声的潜在扩散模型不同,该模型学习配对术前与峰值增强的变分自编码器(VAE)潜在表示之间的条件桥梁。一个潜在UNet预测从中间桥梁状态到峰值增强潜在表示的修正项,实现迭代优化,同时保持轨迹与患者解剖结构一致。在91例DUKE验证数据上评估两种LBM条件变体:使用肿瘤掩码作为条件输入的版本,相比仅用术前图像的版本,将均方误差从1.023降至0.940,故障率差异从7.523降至4.716,肿瘤结构相似性从0.355提升至0.429。该方法优于所比较的潜在扩散模型基线。结果表明,潜在桥接匹配是一种有前景的预对比锚定虚拟对比增强方法,但未来仍需验证泛化能力并减少推理时对真实肿瘤掩码的依赖。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is central to breast cancer imaging, but gadolinium administration increases scan burden and motivates contrast-reduced alternatives, including synthetic contrast generation. We propose a latent bridge matching (LBM) framework for synthesizing peak-enhanced breast DCE-MRI from pre-contrast images in the MAMA-SYNTH challenge setting. Instead of starting from Gaussian noise as in conventional latent diffusion models (LDMs), the proposed model learns a conditional bridge between paired pre-contrast and peak-enhanced VAE latents. A latent UNet predicts the remaining correction from intermediate bridge states to the peak-enhanced latent, enabling iterative refinement while keeping the trajectory anchored to patient-specific anatomy. We evaluated two LBM conditioning variants on 91 DUKE validation cases. For the tumor-conditioned variant, tumor masks were used as conditioning inputs. Tumor-conditioning improved performance compared with pre-contrast conditioning, reducing MSE from 1.023 to 0.940 and FRD from 7.523 to 4.716, while increasing tumor SSIM from 0.355 to 0.429. The tumor-conditioned LBM also outperformed the evaluated LDM baseline on this validation cohort. These results suggest that latent bridge matching is a promising pre-contrast-anchored formulation for virtual contrast enhancement, while further work is needed to validate generalization and remove dependence on ground-truth tumor masks at inference.
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