低成本开源手碟接口，支持实时音色与教学引导。
DIY e-HandPan: A new DIY Low-Cost Handpan Interface based on Arduino and ESP32 Microcontrollers
- 用Arduino或ESP32实现击打力度捕捉，模拟真实手碟演奏表现。
- 集成双色LED显示MIDI乐谱，帮助初学者直观学习。
- 模块化设计可自由定制音符数量和硬件配置，适合教育与创作。
我们提出DIY e-HandPan，一种开源、低成本且可定制的手碟音频与MIDI接口，适用于音乐表演、教学与研究。该装置基于廉价电子元件与回收材料，通过常见制造技术实现，可在Arduino或ESP32两种微控制器上运行。微控制器能捕捉击打速度，提供接近原声手碟的表达性演奏体验。除实时音频与MIDI生成外，系统还集成双色LED引导系统，可播放来自MIDI文件的音乐序列，为初学者提供有效学习辅助。其模块化架构支持用户根据具体需求灵活调整音符数量、硬件配置与嵌入式软件。本文提供完整的硬件设计、固件代码与组装说明，并讨论设计选择与局限性，评估系统在典型教学与音乐表演场景中的应用效果。所有设计文件、源代码与文档均以开源许可发布，促进可复现性并鼓励开放硬件社区持续改进。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We present DIY e-HandPan, a new open-source, low-cost and customizable handpan audio and MIDI protocol interface designed for musical performance, education and research. The proposed hardware is built from inexpensive electronic components and recycled materials using widely available fabrication techniques, making it accessible to makers, educators and researchers. The instrument can be implemented on two distinct MicroController Unit (MCU): Arduino or ESP32. The microcontroller captures strike velocity to provide expressive musical performance comparable to that of an acoustic handpan. In addition to real-time audio and MIDI generation, DIY e-HandPan integrates a bi-color LED guidance system capable of displaying musical sequences from MIDI files, providing an effective learning aid for beginners and educational activities. The modular architecture allows users to easily customize the number of notes, hardware configuration and embedded software according to specific applications. We present the complete hardware design, firmware and assembly instructions and we discuss the design choices and limitations, to evaluate the system in representative educational and musical performance scenarios. All design files, source code and documentation are released under an open-source license to improve the reproducibility and encourage further developments by the open hardware community.
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