arXiv:2608.10392cs.LGcs.CL2026-08

提出统一框架,先共享计算再路由剩余,提升效率与性能。

Share First, Route What Remains: A Unified Framework for Token-Adaptive MoE Computation

论文配图:Share First, Route What Remains: A Unified Framework for Token-Adaptive MoE Computation
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 先共享共用计算,再动态路由剩余部分,优化资源分配。
  • 在DomainBed和GLUE上,计算量减少23%~37%,准确率更高。
  • 适合需要高效推理的MoE模型部署,尤其关注低延迟场景。

混合专家(MoE)模型已突破固定专家数量的限制。共享专家设计保留可复用知识,细粒度方法在专家内调整计算量,动态路由器则自适应激活专家数量。然而这些决策通常独立进行,忽略了关键依赖:提取可复用计算会改变剩余任务量,从而影响所需专家容量。本文通过将稀疏升级的前馈专家分解为键值通道,发现共激活专家在部分值位置对齐;移除这些位置会改变专家偏好;共享覆盖越广,残余专家需求越低。由此提出核心原则:先共享,再路由剩余。基于此构建了UniF-MoE,一个统一的令牌自适应MoE计算框架。每个专家划分为对齐块,共享需求得分决定共享块数量与路径权重,键原型选择共享内容,互补需求通过累积路由质量确定残余专家数量。引入格拉姆正则化器分离并归一化路由器嵌入,促进路由方向多样性、稀疏重叠与简洁路由结构。在DomainBed和GLUE上的实验表明,该统一设计在保持或提升预测性能的同时,显著降低激活计算量、推理延迟与内存占用。代码已开源。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Mixture-of-experts (MoE) models have recently moved beyond routing a fixed number of complete experts. Shared-expert designs preserve reusable knowledge, fine-grained methods vary computation within experts, and dynamic routers adapt the number of active experts. Yet these decisions are usually made independently, overlooking a basic dependency: extracting reusable computation changes both what remains and how much expert capacity the remainder needs. We study this dependency by decomposing sparsely upcycled feed-forward experts into key-value channels. Co-activated experts align at a subset of value positions; removing these positions changes expert preference; and greater shared coverage is associated with lower residual expert demand. These observations lead to one principle: share first, then route what remains. We instantiate it in UniF-MoE, a unified framework for token-adaptive MoE computation. Each expert is partitioned into aligned blocks. A shared-demand score sets the shared block count and pathway weight, key prototypes select the shared content, and the complementary demand determines the residual expert count through cumulative routing mass. A Gram regularizer separates and normalizes router embeddings, promoting diverse routing directions, sparse expert overlap, and a simple routing geometry. Experiments on DomainBed and GLUE show that this unified design improves predictive performance over representative static and dynamic MoEs while reducing activated computation, inference latency, and memory. Code is available at https://github.com/existence0420/UniF-MoE.

MoE模型压缩路由优化

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