让机器人长期服务中持续更新环境认知,区分固定物与可变物。
PBD-AG: Persistent Baseline-Delta Active Graphs with Uncertainty-Aware Inspection for Long-Horizon Service Robots

- 分离稳定结构与动态事件,用几何可见性门控防误删。
- 在多环境中实现更高固定物识别率与身份连续性。
- 适合需要长期自主作业的机器人系统开发者。
长时序服务机器人需在未知环境中自主构建并持续更新世界模型,以应对任务相关物体的变化。现有方法依赖在线建图,存在定位与观测误差累积、静态场景表示无法捕捉持久变化,或整体视觉语言预测缺乏可验证的3D几何证据等问题。本文提出PBD-AG框架,将机器人验证的稳定构件与可修订的动态对象事件解耦。机器人通过机载探索自主建立结构基线,并对发现的构件进行检验以建立分层对象信念。PBD-AG在几何、语义、身份、存在性及支撑关系上维护带可靠度加权的对象状态,利用几何可见性门控降低遮挡下的误删风险。检测视角由图条件策略选择,平衡目标覆盖率、移动成本、碰撞风险与冗余观测。仿真实验在多个环境与受控动态评估下显示,其综合粗粒度构件F1高于能力相当的对照组,且身份连续性与事件召回更强。物理机器人定性演示进一步验证了与机载传感的集成,提供了可追溯的长期感知世界模型。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Long-horizon service robots require persistent world models that can be built autonomously in unseen environments and revised as task-relevant objects change. Existing methods rely on online mapping, which accumulates localization and observation errors, static scene representations that cannot capture persistent object changes, or holistic vision-language predictions that lack verifiable 3D geometric evidence. We present PBD-AG, a persistent baseline-delta active graph framework that decouples robot-verified stable fixtures from revisable dynamic object events. Under our framework, the robot autonomously bootstraps the structural baseline from onboard exploration and inspects discovered fixtures to ground hierarchical object beliefs. PBD-AG maintains reliability-weighted object states over geometry, semantics, identity, existence, and support relations, utilizing a geometric visibility gate to mitigate false deletions under occlusion. Inspection viewpoints are selected by a graph-conditioned policy that balances target coverage, travel cost, collision risk, and redundant observation. Simulation experiments in multiple environments and under controlled dynamic evaluation show higher aggregate coarse-fixture F1 than capability-matched controls, as well as stronger identity continuity and event recall. A qualitative physical-robot demonstration further illustrates integration with onboard sensing, providing a traceable world model for long-horizon robotic perception. The project page of PBD-AG is available at https://shuobao214.github.io/PBD-AG/
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