提出一种更准确的异常诊断方法,能更好定位导致异常的关键特征。
BREAD: Baseline-Referenced Explanations for Anomaly Diagnosis

- 基于异常样本与正常基线对比,识别驱动异常的特征
- 在均值偏移场景下,诊断准确性优于LIME方法
- 适用于各类AI异常检测系统,适合工业监控场景
基于人工智能的前瞻性异常检测方法在高维非线性场景中日益普及。其中,基于AI的统计过程监控(SPM)提供了一个结构化框架用于实时监测。一旦检测到异常,需通过诊断方法确定导致偏离正常行为的关键特征。传统SPM诊断方法通常针对特定检测模型设计,无法直接应用于AI方法。现有模型无关的可解释AI(XAI)方法存在可扩展性差或对噪声特征赋予过高相关性的问题,降低诊断精度。本文提出一种可扩展的基线参考诊断方法,同时利用异常样本和正常基线信息。理论证明,在均值偏移异常设定下,该方法比LIME具有更高保真度,能更准确识别引发异常的特征。仿真研究和真实案例验证表明,该方法显著提升AI驱动异常检测的诊断效果。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based prospective anomaly detection methods are increasingly deployed in high-dimensional and nonlinear settings. Among these approaches, AI-based statistical process monitoring (SPM) is widely used, providing a structured framework for prospective monitoring. Once an anomaly is detected, a diagnosis method is needed to identify the features driving the flagged observation away from normal behaviour. Traditional SPM diagnosis methods are typically designed for specific detection models and cannot be directly applied to AI-based methods. Model-agnostic explainable AI (XAI) offers a general framework for feature relevance explanation. However, existing methods suffer from scalability limitations or assign relevance to noise features, reducing diagnosis accuracy. We propose a scalable, baseline-referenced diagnosis method that uses both the anomalous observation and normal baseline information. We provide mathematical guarantees that under a mean-shift anomaly setting, the proposed method achieves higher faithfulness in detecting the features causing the anomaly compared to LIME. Simulation studies and a real-world case study validate the effectiveness of the proposed method and show that it generates more faithful and accurate diagnosis results for AI-based prospective anomaly detection methods.
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