arXiv:2608.10929cs.AI2026-08中稿 · CIKM 2026

联邦跨域推荐新框架,用语义标签统一物品表示,保护隐私同时提升推荐效果。

FedCGR: Federated Cross-Domain Generative Recommendation

论文配图:FedCGR: Federated Cross-Domain Generative Recommendation
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用公共元数据生成物品语义编码,通过共享词汇表对齐跨域物品空间。
  • 在6个亚马逊数据集上优于现有联邦生成方法,性能接近强基线模型。
  • 适合隐私敏感场景,尤其适用于跨平台、多领域协同推荐系统。

跨域推荐(CDR)旨在迁移不同领域间的用户偏好知识,但联邦部署下因重叠用户和共享交互信号稀疏或涉及隐私,难以实现跨域对齐。为此,本文将联邦跨域推荐重新定义为基于稳定语义物品语言的生成问题。通过使用公开物品元数据生成离散语义ID(SID)序列,以共享词汇表代替私有交互数据进行跨域对齐。直接联邦化基于SID的生成器面临双重挑战:固定分词器导致语义瓶颈,无法共享本地协同过滤(CF)信号;标准联邦平均在领域异质性下引发负迁移。为此,提出FedCGR框架:保持物品语言稳定,显式引入局部CF证据,设计可靠性感知语义接口,并训练原型个性化生成器,按领域相关性选择性聚合共享参数,同时保留本地特异性参数。在六个Amazon跨域场景上的实验表明,FedCGR持续优于联邦生成基线,在全排序与采样评估协议下均达到与强序列及联邦CDR方法相当的性能。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Cross-domain recommendation (CDR) transfers preference knowledge across related domains, but federated deployment makes cross-domain alignment difficult because the behavioral anchors that align item spaces, such as overlapping users and shared interaction signals, are often sparse, unavailable, or privacy-sensitive across clients. To address this tension, we revisit federated CDR as generation over a stable semantic item language. By representing items as discrete semantic ID (SID) sequences derived from public item-side metadata, cross-domain item alignment is induced by a shared vocabulary rather than by exchanging private interactions or aligning domain-specific embeddings. Directly federating SID-based generators, however, introduces two design constraints: the SID tokenizer must remain fixed to preserve cross-client token consistency, which creates a semantic-only bottleneck because local collaborative filtering (CF) signals cannot be globally shared or aligned; meanwhile, standard federated averaging can cause negative transfer under domain heterogeneity. To overcome these constraints, we propose FedCGR, a federated generative CDR framework that keeps the item language stable and makes adaptation explicit. FedCGR injects local CF evidence through a reliability-aware semantic interface and trains a prototype-personalized generator that selectively aggregates shared parameters according to domain relatedness while keeping domain-specific quantities local. Experiments on six Amazon cross-domain scenarios show that FedCGR consistently outperforms federated generative baselines and achieves competitive performance against strong sequential and federated CDR methods under both full-ranking and sampled evaluation protocols.

联邦学习跨域推荐生成模型隐私保护

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