arXiv:2608.11015cs.IR2026-08

Sona用单模型取代复杂推荐流程,显著提升音乐平台用户活跃度。

Sona Technical Report

论文配图:Sona Technical Report
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 统一生成与排序的共享用户表征架构,通过自回归解码和蒸馏目标联合训练
  • 在线测试中用户活跃度提升4.53%,总听歌时长增6.30%,点赞率升11.42%
  • 无需人工特征,适合大规模推荐系统优化场景

我们提出Sona,一个针对Yandex Music的单模型生成式推荐系统。在在线A/B测试中,Sona取代了包含15个以上候选生成器、预排和排序模型的完整生产流水线,后者依赖数百个特征,包括来自Argus等大型Transformer模型的信号。Sona通过共享用户表示统一候选生成与排序:其编码器将用户历史行为序列转换为隐藏状态,同时供自回归解码器与排序模块使用。通过下一词预测与蒸馏目标联合更新编码器,使生成与排序通过同一用户状态耦合。Sona及其教师排序器均不依赖人工特征,仅基于日志事件字段与学习到的物品表示。最终配置中,训练阶段由大教师模型提供排序目标,但部署时仅保留编码器、解码器与排序模块构成单一模型。在智能音箱上的My Vibe场景进行在线实验,相比生产对照组,Sona实现用户活跃度提升4.53%(主指标)、总听歌时长增加6.30%、点赞率上升11.42%。这些增益是累积性的,且用户活跃度提升幅度为此前最强模型Argus的2.35倍。结果表明,单一联合训练模型可替代成熟的多阶段推荐流水线,并在真实流量上持续提升推荐质量。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

We introduce Sona, a single-model generative recommender for Yandex Music. In an online A/B test, Sona replaced the entire production cascade, comprising more than 15 candidate generators followed by pre-ranking and ranking models that consume hundreds of features, including signals from large transformer models such as Argus and target-attention scorers, while significantly improving key engagement metrics. The architecture of Sona unifies candidate generation and ranking around a shared user representation. Its encoder transforms the user's chronological sequence of logged engagement events into hidden states consumed by both the autoregressive decoder and the Ranking Module. The next-token-prediction and distillation objectives jointly update the encoder, coupling generation and ranking through the same user state. Neither Sona nor its Teacher Ranker uses hand-engineered features; both operate on logged event fields and learned item representations. In the final Sona configuration, the larger teacher supplies ranking targets during training but is absent from serving, leaving the encoder, decoder, and Ranking Module as a single deployed model. We evaluate Sona in an online A/B experiment using live traffic from My Vibe on smart speakers, one of Yandex Music's largest recommendation surfaces. Relative to the production control, Sona produced statistically significant uplifts of 4.53% in Active Users, the primary metric, 6.30% in Total Listening Time, and 11.42% in Likes. These effects were incremental to improvements retained from preceding deployments. The Active Users uplift was 2.35 times the increment previously delivered by Argus, the strongest model deployed on this surface before Sona. These results show that a single jointly trained model can replace a mature multi-stage recommendation cascade while improving recommendation quality on live traffic.

推荐系统单模型生成式线上实验

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