提出几何感知增量神经算子,提升长时间物理模拟预测稳定性。
Geometry-aware Incremental Neural Operator for Long-Horizon PDE prediction

- 通过频谱能量分布引导的低秩投影,约束活跃频段内的通道耦合。
- 在六组1D/2D/3D PDE基准上实现更优的长期预测精度与频谱保真度。
- 适合需要高稳定性长时序物理建模的研究者,如气候模拟、流体仿真。
神经算子在学习偏微分方程(PDE)解算子方面展现出强大潜力。然而,长时间自回归预测仍面临挑战:局部误差会累积为谱不一致、相位错位或均值漂移。现有方法主要优化状态表示和算子骨干网络,却忽视了反复应用的隐空间增量更新缺乏结构化设计,导致谱误差和不稳定的通道耦合在推理过程中持续积累。为此,我们提出几何感知增量神经算子(GeoIncNO),用于实现稳定的时间序列长时预测。GeoIncNO通过预测残差推进的隐增量,并使用轻量级低秩投影器,对由增量频谱能量分布导出的活跃频段内通道耦合进行调控。为减少物理空间重建误差,还引入均值-波动解耦重构机制,分别融合稳定的均值结构与动态波动,并仅对零均值波动分量施加相位校正。在六个涵盖1D、2D和3D动力系统的问题上进行大量实验,结果表明GeoIncNO相比主流神经算子基线,在预测精度、滚动稳定性及谱保真度方面均表现更优。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Neural operators have shown strong potential for learning solution operators of partial differential equations (PDEs). However, long-horizon autoregressive prediction remains challenging: local errors accumulate as spectral inconsistency, phase misalignment, or mean drift. Existing methods mainly improve state representations and operator backbones, while leaving the repeatedly applied latent transition increment weakly structured, allowing spectral errors and unstable channel couplings to accumulate during rollout. To address these issues, we propose a geometry-aware incremental neural operator (GeoIncNO) for stable long-horizon PDE prediction. GeoIncNO predicts latent increments for residual advancement and uses lightweight low-rank projectors to regulate channel coupling within active frequency bands derived from the increment spectral energy distribution. To reduce physical-space reconstruction errors, GeoIncNO further introduces a mean--fluctuation decoupled reconstruction mechanism, where stable mean structures and dynamic fluctuations are fused separately, and phase correction is applied only to the zero-mean fluctuation component. Extensive experiments on six PDE benchmarks, covering 1D, 2D, and 3D dynamical systems, show that GeoIncNO achieves consistently strong prediction accuracy, improved rollout stability, and better spectral fidelity compared with competitive neural-operator baselines.
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