用自然语言评析五维度音乐审美,提升生成歌曲的评分准确性和可解释性。
MuseCritic: Learning Multi-Aspect Song Rewards through Natural-Language Aesthetic Critiques

- 通过两阶段训练生成五维音乐评语,作为中间表征预测连续奖励分数
- 在SongEval上降低误差至0.2316,相关性指标达0.9068以上
- 支持可读评语与优化信号双重输出,适合音乐生成与人机评估研究者
长时歌曲生成模型在时长、结构完整性和声学复杂度方面持续进步,使得可靠的美学奖励机制对对齐人类偏好愈发重要。然而,针对完整歌曲的奖励模型仍有限,现有评估器通常单次前向传播输出评分,缺乏可读解释。本文提出MUSECRITIC,一种半标量奖励模型,能生成涵盖五个美学维度的自然语言评语,并以此为中间表示预测连续奖励分。该模型采用两阶段训练:先由教师模型提供高质量评语用于监督微调,再让微调后模型自主生成评语进行奖励学习,缓解训练与推理间的分布偏移。在包含200首SongEval歌曲的域内测试集上,MUSECRITIC将宏平均均方误差从0.2875降至0.2316,宏平均皮尔逊相关系数(LCC)、斯皮尔曼等级相关系数(SRCC)和肯德尔等级相关系数(Kendall's tau)分别提升至0.9068、0.8838和0.7178。在包含733对偏好样本的域外Music Arena基准上,准确率达71.35%,位居榜首。此外,结合GRPO使用MUSECRITIC,使Muse-0.6B在SongEval和Audiobox Aesthetics的全部九项美学指标上均取得提升。结果表明,基于评语的奖励建模能有效降低评分误差并提供高效优化信号。项目代码库见https://github.com/WuqnEl/MuseCritic。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Long-form song generation models continue to improve in duration, structural integrity, and acoustic complexity, making reliable aesthetic rewards increasingly important for aligning these models with human preferences. However, reward models for complete songs remain limited, and existing evaluators typically predict scores in a single forward pass without providing readable explanations. We introduce MUSECRITIC, a semi-scalar reward model that generates a natural-language critique covering five aesthetic dimensions and uses it as an intermediate representation to predict continuous reward scores. MUSECRITIC follows a two-stage training pipeline: a teacher model first provides high-quality critiques for supervised fine-tuning, after which the fine-tuned model generates its own critiques for reward learning, mitigating distribution shift between training and inference. On an in-domain test set of 200 SongEval songs, MUSECRITIC reduces macro-averaged mean squared error from 0.2875 to 0.2316 and improves macro-averaged LCC, SRCC, and Kendall's tau to 0.9068, 0.8838, and 0.7178, respectively. On the out-of-domain Music Arena benchmark with 733 preference pairs, it achieves the highest accuracy of 71.35%. Moreover, using MUSECRITIC with GRPO improves Muse-0.6B on all nine aesthetic metrics from SongEval and Audiobox Aesthetics. These results demonstrate that critique-conditioned reward modeling reduces scoring error and provides an effective optimization signal for song generation. The project repository is available at https://github.com/WuqnEl/MuseCritic.
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