梳理了自然语言处理中视角相关概念的理论体系。
Structuring the Space of Perspectives
- 提出视角概念的层级结构，统一理解不同术语关系
- 构建线性轴上的概念体系，明确各术语定位
- 帮助研究者根据目标选择合适的视角操作化方法
同一事件可因作者或说话者的经历、背景和信念而从不同视角报道。自然语言处理多个领域涉及视角问题，涵盖文本分析到算法优化。已有大量操作性概念（如立场、情感、框架、论点）用于捕捉文本中的视角，但这些概念之间的精确关系仍不清晰。我们认为，对这些概念进行更深入的理论理解将推动视角研究的进展。本文通过回顾自然语言处理中视角的范畴，定义一组有助于区分视角相关概念的属性。分析表明，这些概念可沿单一轴线线性组织成层次结构。最后，我们展示该原理性的概念层级如何帮助研究者在领域内导航，并选择与其研究目标一致的视角操作化方式。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The same event can be reported from different perspectives depending on the experiences, background, and beliefs of the writer or speaker. A variety of NLP areas engage with perspectives, spanning from text analysis to algorithm optimization. A wide range of operative concepts (such as stances, sentiment, frames, and arguments) has been used to capture perspectives in texts, however the precise relationships among those concepts remain unclear. Arguably, a deeper theoretical understanding of these concepts would empower more effective research on perspectives. In this paper, we address this gap by reviewing the space of perspectives in NLP and defining a set of properties that help distinguishing perspective-related concepts. Our analysis leads us to posit a hierarchy which organizes these concepts linearly along a single axis. Finally, we show how this principled conceptual hierarchy can help researchers navigate the field and select operationalizations of perspective that align with their specific research objectives.
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