单一编码基准无法衡量模型真本事,需多元评估。
Don't Claim Benchmark-Oriented Optimization Improves General Coding Capability -- Diverse Evaluation Is Required

- 用自建Django案例集检验模型,发现基准优化不跨任务通用。
- 针对SWE-bench微调的模型在新任务上表现差,对LiveCodeBench也无提升。
- 建议用多任务套件、人工参与或能力分类体系做真实评估。
后训练论文、模型卡片和博客常将少量编码基准(如SWE-bench和LiveCodeBench)得分视为模型具备广泛编程能力的证据。我们指出,为这些基准优化会带来任务特异性,导致分数与泛化能力之间存在意义鸿沟。通过自建基于Django的案例研究基准套件,我们评估了在SWE-bench轨迹上后训练的模型和检查点,发现基准排名难以泛化:后训练检查点跨任务迁移能力弱,且对SWE-bench的优化对我们的任务或LiveCodeBench几乎没有增益。同样,针对单个Django模态的微调也无法有效转移。结论是:少数基准不足以在基准优化压力下评估多样化模型。我们呼吁采用差异化评估策略——前沿模型用整体评估,研究用多任务套件,窄任务应用用人工介入。最后强调应建立能力分类体系并持续维护基准,而非一次性发布。否则,工程师和研究者将依赖不足证据做研发与部署决策。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Post-training papers, model cards, and blog posts often treat scores on a small set of coding benchmarks (e.g., SWE-bench and LiveCodeBench) as evidence of broad coding capability, both for research artifacts and user-facing systems. We argue that optimization for these benchmarks leads to measuring task-specific performance, creating a meaning gap between measured scores and claims of general coding ability. We examine this gap with a Django-based case study benchmark suite we create. Evaluating foundation models and checkpoints post-trained on SWE-bench trajectories, we find that benchmark rankings frequently fail to generalize. Post-trained checkpoints show little cross-task transfer, and SWE-bench optimization yields limited or no gains on our tasks or on LiveCodeBench. Similarly, fine-tuning on individual Django modalities fails to transfer. We conclude that a small number of benchmarks is insufficient for evaluating diverse models under benchmark optimization pressure. We encourage the community to use differentiated evaluation - holistic assessment for frontier models, multi-task suites for research, and human-in-the-loop studies for narrow task applications. Finally, we argue for creating a capability taxonomy and sustained benchmark maintenance, rather than one-off benchmark releases. Without reliable evaluation standards, engineers and researchers using LLMs and agents have to rely on insufficient evidence to make research, development, and deployment decisions.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。