双分支运动策略的协调机制研究,解决多模态下误报问题。
Making two action heads agree: coordination mechanisms and a runtime collapse certificate for flow-matching policies

- 用共享隐变量和噪声协调双分支输出
- 提出基于吉尼-辛普森多样性的无标签协同认证方法
- 在机器人任务中实现稳定协同,降低误报率
双表示流匹配策略将预测运动解码至关节空间与末端执行器空间,两者之间的残差提供物理可解释的运行时信号。但在多模态任务中,独立采样的分支可能选择不同有效模式,导致误报。本文研究四种协调机制及其代价。在两个机器人环境和一个非机器人测试平台中,发现共享的辅助隐变量在群体最优时被消除,这是在2%等价带内可证明的死胡同。共享源噪声可实现协调或反向协调,其效果随表示映射变化并追踪解码模式盆地对齐情况。一致性正则化带来中间协调但降低有效配对率,而训练支持的离散划分可实现近上限的鲁棒协调。进一步推导出仅依赖各分支吉尼-辛普森多样性的机会校正协同界,给出可达区域与无标签证书,可在零失配模糊时区分协同与崩溃。在LIBERO-Plus上,良性多模态使残差误报增加1.57个百分点,仍为最强评估失败信号;预注册令牌干预未满足误报标准,也未产生种子鲁棒检测变化。代码、模型与每轮配置见https://github.com/kimo423/dual-head-coordination。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
A dual-representation flow-matching policy decodes each predicted motion into joint and end-effector spaces, and the residual between the two kinematically equivalent decodings provides a physically interpretable runtime signal. On multimodal tasks, however, independently sampled branches may choose different valid modes, causing false alarms. We study how to coordinate the two branches and at what cost. Across two robot environments and a non-robotic testbed, the tested mechanisms fall into four classes. An auxiliary latent shared by both branches but absent from the flow-matching construction is erased at the population optimum, a provable dead end confirmed within a prespecified 2% equivalence band. Sharing source noise can coordinate or anti-coordinate: its effect changes sign with the representation map and tracks the alignment of decoder mode basins. Consistency regularization gives intermediate coordination but reduces the valid-pair rate, while training-supported discrete partitions achieve near-ceiling coordination robustly. We further derive a chance-corrected coordination bound based only on each branch's Gini-Simpson diversity, yielding an attainable region and a label-free certificate that separates coordination from collapse when zero mismatch is ambiguous. On LIBERO-Plus, benign multimodality adds 1.57 percentage points of false alarms to the residual, which remains the strongest evaluated failure signal; the preregistered token intervention does not meet its false-alarm criterion or produce a seed-robust detection change. Code, models, and per-run configurations are available at https://github.com/kimo423/dual-head-coordination.
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