arXiv:2608.16443cs.AI2026-08

提出新型模糊语义框架,实现高效可扩展的时序逻辑学习。

Time to Reason: Scalable Neurosymbolic Learning for LTLf via Fuzzy Semantics

论文配图:Time to Reason: Scalable Neurosymbolic Learning for LTLf via Fuzzy Semantics
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 引入统一模糊语义,避免依赖自动机提升可扩展性
  • 新框架DiffLTLf在复杂任务上性能媲美甚至超越现有最优方法
  • 适用于需高效时序推理的AI系统开发与研究

神经符号(NeSy)人工智能旨在融合深度学习与符号推理。尽管早期工作集中于命题和一阶逻辑的符号推理,近年已有研究探索时序逻辑特别是LTLf的神经符号框架。然而,这些方法仍存在诸多未解问题:不同可微语义尚未在统一框架中形式化定义;且普遍依赖自动机表示时序知识,导致可扩展性受限。本文贡献包括:(i) 形式化定义LTLf的多种模糊语义,并系统分析其等价性与对偶性;(ii) 构建新框架DiffLTLf,直接集成模糊语义,无需自动机即可实现灵活可扩展的学习;(iii) 提出更复杂的评估协议以增强任务难度。实验表明,模糊语义选择显著影响预测性能;且DiffLTLf在性能上达到甚至超过当前最优概率方法,同时大幅提升可扩展性。结果确立了直接模糊解释作为高效可扩展时序神经符号框架的有力候选。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Neurosymbolic (NeSy) Artificial Intelligence aims to integrate Deep Learning (DL) architectures with symbolic reasoning. While initial NeSy approaches have targeted mainly symbolic reasoning in propositional and first-order logics, recent works have started to address the construction of neurosymbolic frameworks for Temporal Logics, and in particular for LTLf. These approaches have established temporal NeSy as a promising research direction, laying the foundations for learning under temporal constraints. Nonetheless, they leave many questions unanswered. From a theoretical perspective, several differentiable semantics for interpreting LTLf have been proposed but have not yet been formally and systematically defined within a unified framework. Moreover, existing approaches commonly rely on automata to represent temporal knowledge, resulting in limited scalability. Motivated by this research gap, this paper provides the following contributions: (i) formally defining different fuzzy semantics for LTLf, and systematically analysing theoretical properties regarding equivalences and dualities of temporal operators; (ii) showing how these semantics can be directly integrated within a novel NeSy framework, called DiffLTLf, enabling flexible and scalable learning without relying on the usage of automata; and (iii) introducing a novel evaluation protocol of increased complexity of learning tasks w.r.t. existing benchmarks. Our results show that the choice of fuzzy semantics has a significant impact on predictive performance. Moreover, DiffLTLf achieves performance on par with, and sometimes superior to, state-of-the-art probabilistic approaches while substantially improving scalability. Taken together, these results establish direct fuzzy interpretations as a competitive and scalable alternative to existing temporal NeSy frameworks.

神经符号时序逻辑模糊语义可扩展性

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