解决腱驱动机械手因弹性导致的关节误差,提升抓握精度。
H-PAC Hand: Control-Oriented Modeling and Tendon-Elasticity Compensation for an Underactuated Robotic Hand

- 基于腱路几何构建稀疏解析模型,实现精准控制建模。
- 补偿后九个关节平均误差低于0.23度,大指指间关节误差从1.15°降至0.18°。
- 无需额外传感器,适配多种抓握任务,适合工业末端执行器应用。
欠驱动腱驱动机械手具有紧凑执行与被动柔顺性,但恢复弹簧负载下的腱体伸长会导致依赖构型的关节偏差。本文提出H-PAC,一种模块化6执行器、15自由度机械手及其面向控制的建模与实现框架。基于腱路由几何推导出稀疏解析的执行器-关节模型,并建立力学补偿模型以修正腱弹性引起的关节误差。控制采用分层架构:主机计算受工作空间约束的姿态映射与补偿,ESP32生成六个位置伺服的同步指令。所有任务均使用相同参数与策略,无需任务特异性调参。单调伺服扫掠实验显示,补偿显著提升关节角度预测精度:食指远端指间关节平均绝对误差从1.15°降至0.18°,所有九个评估关节的MAE均低于0.23°。进一步在无外部关节或力传感条件下执行代表性姿态与抓握配置,结果验证了该方法在提升紧凑欠驱动机械手姿态可重复性方面的实用性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Underactuated tendon-driven hands offer compact actuation and passive compliance, but tendon elongation under restoring-spring loading introduces configuration-dependent joint deviations. This paper presents H-PAC, a modular 6-actuator, 15-DoF robotic hand with a control-oriented modeling and implementation framework. A sparse analytical actuator-joint model is derived from the tendon-routing geometry, and a mechanics-based compensation model is developed to account for tendon-elasticity-induced joint errors. The proposed method is implemented in a hierarchical architecture: a host computer performs workspace-constrained posture mapping and compensation, while an ESP32 generates synchronized commands for six position-controlled servos. The same control parameters and execution strategy are used across all tasks without task-specific retuning. Monotonic servo-sweep experiments show that the compensation substantially improves joint-angle prediction. The MAE of the index DIP joint decreases from 1.15 degrees to 0.18 degrees, and all nine evaluated joints achieve an MAE below 0.23 degrees. Representative postures and grasping configurations are further executed using the same control pipeline without external joint or force sensing in the control loop. The results demonstrate a practical approach to improving posture reproducibility in compact underactuated robotic end-effectors.
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