arXiv:2608.16919cs.IRcs.AI2026-08

CARA通过双重视角建模用户决策,提升推荐精准度

CARA: Cognitive Adaptive Recommendation Agent

论文配图:CARA: Cognitive Adaptive Recommendation Agent
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 将推荐分为筛选与双视角判断两阶段,模拟人脑直觉与理性决策
  • 在三个亚马逊数据集上最高提升10.15%的推荐效果
  • 适合关注可解释推荐与认知建模的研究者

大语言模型和基于代理的推荐框架为更灵活、上下文感知的推荐带来了新机遇。然而,现有方法仍主要依赖语义匹配、端到端生成或松散结构的代理流程,未显式建模用户偏好如何被处理并转化为最终决策。为此,我们提出CARA——一种受认知启发的推荐框架,将推荐视为结构化的决策过程。核心思想是用户决策由两种互补机制共同塑造:直觉性情感偏好和有意识的理性评估。因此,CARA将推荐分为两个协调阶段:候选过滤阶段,基于粗粒度偏好约束缩小搜索空间;双视角决策建模阶段,通过情感和理性判断捕捉推荐决策。我们进一步引入边界感知的KTO策略,优先选择模型偶尔但不一贯能解决的指令,从而提高有效偏好信号密度。在三个Amazon Reviews数据集上的大量实验表明,CARA在多数评估指标上表现最佳,相比基线最高提升10.15%。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Recent advances in large language models and agent-based recommendation frameworks have introduced new opportunities for more flexible and context-aware recommendation. However, existing methods still largely rely on semantic matching, end-to-end generation, or loosely structured agent workflows, without explicitly modeling how user preferences are processed and translated into final decisions. To address this limitation, we propose CARA, a cognitively inspired recommendation framework that formulates recommendation as a structured decision-making process. The core intuition of CARA is that user decisions are jointly shaped by two complementary mechanisms: intuitive affective preference and deliberate rational evaluation. Accordingly, CARA organizes recommendation into two coordinated stages: candidate filtering, which narrows the search space based on coarse-grained preference constraints, and dual-perspective decision modeling, which captures recommendation decisions through affective and rational judgment. We further introduce a boundary-aware KTO strategy that prioritizes instructions the model can solve occasionally but not consistently, thereby increasing the density of informative preference signals. Extensive experiments on three Amazon Reviews domains show that CARA achieves the best performance on most evaluation metrics, with relative improvements of up to 10.15% over the baseline.

推荐系统认知建模双视角决策

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