arXiv:2608.17362cs.CV2026-08中稿 · the British Machin…

利用正常区域的连续性规律,提升工业缺陷检测精度。

Continuity-Driven Representation Learning for Industrial Defect Detection

论文配图:Continuity-Driven Representation Learning for Industrial Defect Detection
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 通过连续性损失和差分损失,利用正常区域的重复模式增强特征表示。
  • 在全数据下提升平均[email protected]:0.95达5.38个百分点,限数据时提升超21个百分点。
  • 特别适合标注数据少的工业场景,兼容多种主流检测模型。

工业缺陷检测与自然图像目标检测不同,因检测图像在可控条件下采集,包含大量以正常为主的重复结构区域。缺陷表现为对可预测模式的局部破坏,而传统检测器依赖稀疏的边界框监督,导致正常区域表征约束不足。本文提出一种面向正常主导区域的连续性驱动表征正则化框架,引入两个检测器无关的目标:多连续性损失(结合一维块序列预测与二维掩码空间预测)和差分损失(规范邻近块嵌入的一阶变化与二阶曲率)。两者均通过盒式区域加权应用,稳定正常区域表征同时保留缺陷相关的不连续性。在两个真实工业数据集及公开的NEU-DET基准上,使用六种检测器架构(包括YOLO系列、MambaYOLO、DETR)进行实验,结果表明在全数据设置下,所提正则化方法在Industrial Metal、MEA和NEU-DET上分别将平均[email protected]:0.95提升3.49、5.38、5.03个百分点;在有限数据条件下,性能提升更显著,差分损失在仅使用25%训练数据时使NEU-DET的[email protected]提升21.07个百分点,[email protected]:0.95提升8.23个百分点。结果表明,连续性驱动正则化为工业缺陷检测提供了有效先验,尤其在标注数据稀缺时表现突出。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Industrial defect detection differs from natural-image object detection because inspection images are captured under controlled conditions and contain large normal-dominant regions with repetitive structures. Defects therefore appear as localized disruptions of otherwise predictable patterns, while conventional detectors rely mainly on sparse bounding-box supervision, resulting in weakly constrained normal-region representations. We propose a continuity-driven representation regularization framework that exploits normal-dominant regions as dense auxiliary supervision. The framework introduces two detector-agnostic objectives: Multi-Continuity Loss, which combines 1D patch-sequence prediction and 2D masked spatial prediction, and Differencing Loss, which regularizes first-order feature variation and second-order curvature between neighboring patch embeddings. Both objectives are applied with box-derived region weighting to stabilize normal-region representations while preserving defect-related discontinuities. Experiments on two real-world industrial datasets and the public NEU-DET benchmark, using six detector architectures including YOLO-family models, MambaYOLO, and DETR, demonstrate consistent improvements over native detector baselines. In the full-data setting, the proposed regularizers improve average [email protected]:0.95 by up to 3.49 percentage points on Industrial Metal, 5.38 percentage points on MEA, and 5.03 percentage points on NEU-DET. Under limited-data conditions, the gains become more pronounced, with Differencing Loss achieving improvements of up to 21.07 percentage points in [email protected] and 8.23 percentage points in [email protected]:0.95 on NEU-DET using only 25% of the training data. These results suggest that continuity-driven regularization provides an effective prior for improving industrial defect detection, particularly when annotated data are scarce.

缺陷检测连续性建模小样本学习工业视觉

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