用人类移动数据增强地理模型,让城市预测更准且可跨城迁移。
MoRAX: Mobility-based Representation Augmentation for Geospatial Foundation Models

- 基于人类移动数据构建功能结构,补充遥感图像缺失的城市关联信息。
- 在4个不同城市的8项任务中,新模型性能优于现有基线,跨城迁移效果显著。
- 轻量级设计支持零样本部署,适合无移动数据的陌生城市应用。
地理基础模型(GFMs)正成为学习语义丰富且地理一致的视觉与物理表征的强大范式。然而,其依赖地球观测(EO)数据,导致人类活动信息严重缺失。人类移动数据揭示了区域间的功能与关系结构,但通常局限于观测城市,难以用于可迁移的城市表征学习。我们提出MoRAX,一种轻量级框架,通过人类移动数据衍生的功能结构来增强地理嵌入。该方法在保持原有模型覆盖范围与一致性的同时,提供城市区域间功能连接信息,支持在未见城市中零样本部署,无论是否具备移动数据。在横跨两个国家的四个目标城市中,观测移动数据的MoRAX教师模型,在八项社会经济与环境预测任务中持续优于GFMs及强基线模型;而从未接收移动数据的学生产生模型,在多数任务中接近教师表现。跨国迁移结果进一步表明,基于移动流的调制为将地理基础模型与城市的人类维度相融合提供了通用机制。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Geospatial Foundation Models (GFMs) are emerging as a powerful paradigm for learning semantically rich and geographically consistent visual and physical representations. However, their reliance on Earth-observation (EO) data leaves information about human activity largely underrepresented. Human mobility data reveals the functional and relational structure between regions that is missing from EO data, but is often limited only to the city where it is observed, making it challenging to use for transferable urban representation learning. We introduce MoRAX, a lightweight framework for augmenting geospatial embeddings with functional structure derived from human mobility. MoRAX preserves the coverage and consistency of a GFM while providing information about the functional connectivity among urban regions, permitting zero-shot deployment in unseen cities with or without available mobility data. Across four target cities spanning two countries, the MoRAX teacher model, which observes mobility, consistently outperforms GFMs and strong urban representation baselines in eight socioeconomic and environmental prediction tasks. Meanwhile, the student model, which never takes mobility data as input, approaches the teacher in performance on most tasks. Transfer results across countries further demonstrate that modulation conditioned on mobility flows provides a general mechanism for grounding geospatial foundations in the human dimension of cities.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。