arXiv:2608.18397cs.AI2026-08中稿 · the 2026 IEEE 22nd…

提出可检测个体生理信号异常的预警机制,提升可穿戴压力识别的安全性。

When Clean Signals Are Not Enough: Detecting Structural Ambiguity for Safe Wearable Stress Classification

论文配图:When Clean Signals Are Not Enough: Detecting Structural Ambiguity for Safe Wearable Stress Classification
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 设计轻量透明的预推理监控器ICC,量化个体信号耦合偏离度。
  • 在WESAD和Stress-Predict数据集上,模糊性与准确率呈显著负相关。
  • 适合关注个性化医疗模型安全性的研究者与开发者使用。

可穿戴压力分类器虽在整体表现优异,却可能对特定个体完全失效。在WESAD数据集上,随机森林平均准确率达93.0%,但对第14号受试者F1值为0,因其应激前近似信号耦合减弱。我们称之为结构模糊性:个体合理的生理通道形成在非应激参考下支撑不足的跨信号模式。提出个体一致性耦合监测器(ICCM),一种轻量、透明的预推理监控器,可量化个体特异性耦合偏差,并将每个时间窗路由至分类、延迟或放弃,无需重训练下游分类器。在WESAD(N=15)与Stress-Predict(N=35)中,模糊性与准确率的全队列皮尔逊相关系数分别为-0.607(p=0.016)和-0.412(p=0.014)。稳健性分析显示,等级相关不显著,且移除第14号受试者后WESAD的相关性消失。ICCM将误报数从29降至27、94降至92,但变化均不显著;其遮蔽了第14号受试者21个应激窗口中的3个,但未能修复漏检问题。结果表明,ICCM是未被支持生理状态的可解释信号及个体失败指标,而非独立安全保证。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Wearable stress classifiers can achieve strong average performance while failing completely for a particular individual. On WESAD, a Random Forest reaches 93.0% mean accuracy yet yields F1 = 0 for Subject 14, whose cross-signal coupling weakens near stress onset. We call this structural ambiguity: individually plausible physiological channels form an inter-signal pattern that is poorly supported by the person's non-stress reference. We introduce the Individual Conformal Coupling Monitor (ICCM), a lightweight and transparent pre-inference monitor that quantifies subject-specific coupling divergence and routes each window to classify, defer, or abstain without retraining the downstream classifier. Across WESAD (N = 15) and Stress-Predict (N = 35), full-cohort Pearson associations between ambiguity and accuracy are negative (r = -0.607, p = 0.016; r = -0.412, p = 0.014). Robustness analyses temper this finding: rank correlations are not significant, and the WESAD association disappears when Subject 14 is removed. ICCM changes false-positive counts from 29 to 27 and 94 to 92, although neither paired change is significant. It withholds 3 of Subject 14's 21 stress windows but does not repair the missed-stress failure. These results position ICCM as an interpretable signal of unsupported physiology and individual failure, rather than a stand-alone safety guarantee.

可穿戴压力识别模型安全个体差异

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