一个通用模型同时处理女性盆腔超声与X光,解决数据少、标注差的难题。
PelviNeXt: A Modality-Agnostic Hybrid Network for Pelvic Imaging in Women's Health

- 用混合结构融合多尺度特征与注意力机制,适配超声和X光输入
- 在两个数据集上均超越现有最好结果,尤其提升召回率与准确率
- 公开清理后的数据集和评估协议,助力后续研究可信复现
女性健康领域的医学影像研究长期资源匮乏,如多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)和骨盆骨折等病理虽具临床重要性,却缺乏公开、高质量标注的数据集。本文提出PelviNeXt,一种模态无关的混合网络架构,结合密集卷积特征提取器、分层通道-空间注意力(H-CBAM)、多尺度融合模块(MSFM)及talk-heads多头自注意力(TH-MHSA),无需修改即可应用于盆腔超声与X射线输入。在唯一由妇科医生标注的公开PCOS超声数据集PCOSGen上,我们发现数据存在大量完全与近似重复样本。通过感知哈希进行污染审计,公开发布去重版本,并建立首个经完整性审核的评估协议与5折交叉验证基线。在唯一公开的骨盆骨折X光数据集PXR150上,PelviNeXt在准确率、召回率、特异性与AUROC上均优于此前最优结果。消融实验证明各组件对两类任务均有贡献。结果表明,单一架构无需任务定制,即可成为女性盆腔影像在数据稀缺区域的可靠基础。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Women's health remains substantially under-resourced in medical imaging research, with pelvic pathologies such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and pelvic fracture both suffering from a scarcity of public, well-annotated benchmark data despite their clinical importance. We introduce PelviNeXt, a modality-agnostic hybrid architecture combining a dense convolutional feature extractor, hierarchical channel-spatial attention (H-CBAM), a multi-scale fusion module (MSFM), and talking-heads multi-head self-attention (TH-MHSA), applied without modification to both pelvic ultrasound and X-ray inputs. While benchmarking PelviNeXt on PCOSGen, the only gynaecologist-annotated public PCOS ultrasound dataset, we identified extensive exact and near-duplicate contamination within and across the dataset. We audit this contamination via perceptual hashing, publicly release a deduplicated version of the dataset, and establish the first integrity-audited evaluation protocol and baseline for PCOSGen under 5-fold cross-validation. On the only publicly available pelvic fracture X-ray dataset (PXR150), PelviNeXt exceeds previously reported state-of-the-art results across accuracy, recall, specificity, and AUROC. Ablation studies confirm that each architectural component contributes to performance on both tasks. Our results demonstrate that a single architecture, applied without task-specific modification, can serve as a reliable foundation for pelvic imaging across modalities in data-scarce, under-researched areas of women's health.
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