arXiv:2608.20566cs.LG2026-08

让AI代理智能调度任务,减少碳排放。

AgentDecarbonizer: Carbon-Aware Execution for AI Agents

  • 根据电网碳强度动态调整任务执行时间与地点
  • 在满足截止时间前提下,最多降低57.9%碳排放
  • 解决缓存重计算开销,适合长期运行的智能体系统

AI代理将大语言模型从单次问答扩展为持续运行、目标驱动的工作流,通过多次模型调用、工具调用和外部环境交互完成软件修复、数据分析等任务。然而,频繁的模型调用导致显著碳排放。本文基于WildClawBench对OpenClaw代理工作负载进行碳排放分析,发现排放量受令牌消耗、上下文缓存复用及电网碳强度影响。研究识别出截止时间灵活性是减排机会:代理任务可等待低碳时段或迁移至低碳电网。但需应对时间不确定性和空间迁移中的缓存重计算开销。为此提出AgentDecarbonizer,作为OpenClaw的协同优化器。给定任务提示和用户指定截止时间,该系统保守估计任务时长,选择可行调度方案,并考虑缓存重计算开销。在包含60个代理任务的WildClawBench数据集上,跨四个电网评估显示,相比碳无关基线,碳排放最高降低57.9%;相比任务开始时选择最优电网的基线,最高降低37.5%。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

AI agents extend large language models from single prompt-response interactions to long-running, goaldirected workflows that issue many model calls, invoke tools, and interact with external environments. These workflows enable tasks such as software repair, data analysis, and experiment management, but their repeated model invocations can incur substantial carbon emissions. This paper characterizes the carbon emissions of OpenClaw agent workloads using WildClawBench, and shows that emissions depend on token consumption, context cache reuse, and the carbon intensity of the grid. Our characterization identifies deadline flexibility as an opportunity for carbon-aware execution: agent tasks can wait for lower-carbon-intensity periods or shift to lower-carbon grids. However, doing so requires handling uncertain execution time for temporal shifting and cached context recomputation during spatial shifting. We present AgentDecarbonizer, a carbon optimizer for AI agents that runs alongside OpenClaw. Given a task prompt and user-specified deadline, AgentDecarbonizer conservatively estimates task duration and selects deadline-feasible execution schedules, while accounting for cache recomputation overhead during spatial shifting. Evaluated on WildClawBench workloads with 60 agent tasks across four grids, AgentDecarbonizer reduces carbon emissions by up to 57.9 % compared with a carbon-agnostic baseline and by up to 37.5 % compared with a baseline that selects the carbon-optimal grid at task start time.

AI代理碳减排调度优化可持续计算

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