arXiv:2608.22983cs.ROcs.SY2026-08

为高自由度机械臂提供安全可验证的规划与控制框架,确保不碰撞且不越界。

CSymPlan: Certified Symbolic Planning and Control for High-DOF Manipulators

论文配图:CSymPlan: Certified Symbolic Planning and Control for High-DOF Manipulators
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 基于符号化建模与反馈线性化,将复杂动力学简化为可验证的抽象模型。
  • 在模拟和真实机械臂实验中实现零安全违规,无解时自动停止或重规划。
  • 支持离线预计算和在线实时更新,适合动态环境下的高可靠性任务。

机器人机械臂通常采用解耦的运动生成架构:规划器生成无碰撞路径,底层控制器跟踪参考轨迹。这种分离虽计算高效,但在执行时易受执行器限制、跟踪误差、模型失配和小障碍物间隙影响。本文提出CSymPlan,一种针对高自由度机械臂的可验证符号化规划与控制框架,包含两种互补实现:离线版预先计算已知工作空间下的可验证可达-避障反馈策略;在线版则利用并行化技术,根据动态任务与感知信息实时合成或更新符号策略。离线版通过反馈线性化将机械臂动力学降维至操作空间的采样扰动双积分模型,将力矩实现误差、建模偏差与测量不确定性视为有界扰动,并通过量化-查表-力矩实现流水线对Franka FR3进行策略精炼。在线版使用相同抽象与精炼接口,但以运行时的pFaces请求-合成-执行循环替代预计算策略表。在随机模拟基准测试与感知驱动的Franka FR3实验中,两种实现均以零安全违规完成任务;当无可验证动作时,机器人会停住、重规划或安全停止,而非执行未经验证指令。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Robot manipulators are commonly engineered around a decoupled motion-generation stack: a planner computes a collision-free path and a lower-level controller tracks the resulting reference. This separation is computationally convenient, but it can produce references that are difficult to execute under actuator limits, tracking error, model mismatch, and small obstacle clearances. We present CSymPlan, a certified symbolic planning and control framework for high-DOF manipulators with two complementary implementations: an offline implementation that precomputes certified reach-avoid feedback policies for known workspaces; and an online implementation that synthesizes or updates symbolic policies at runtime from changing task and perception information using parallelization. The offline implementation reduces the manipulator dynamics to a sampled perturbed double-integrator model in operational space through feedback linearization, treats torque-realization errors, modeling inaccuracies, and measurement uncertainty as bounded disturbances, and refines the synthesized symbolic policy to the Franka FR3 through a quantization--lookup--torque realization pipeline. The online implementation uses the same abstraction and refinement interface, but replaces the precomputed policy table with a runtime pFaces request--synthesis--execution loop. In randomized simulated benchmarks and perception-driven Franka FR3 experiments, both implementations complete reach-avoid tasks with zero safety violations; whenever no certified action exists, the robot holds, replans, or stops safely instead of executing an uncertified command.

机器人控制可验证规划高自由度安全执行

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