用大模型指导电路拓扑生成,提升模拟电路设计效率与性能。
Spicing up Genetic Netlist Generation with LLMs

- 引入大模型生成电路结构建议,结合遗传算法优化
- 在鸢尾花分类任务中测试准确率达93.3%,跨17种工况平均85.9%
- 适合电路设计自动化、AI辅助硬件开发的研究者
模拟电路拓扑合成仍具挑战性,因优质设计仅占组合搜索空间的极小部分,且微小结构变化可能引发行为的非线性剧变。进化算法因其可基于黑盒评估优化离散电路拓扑而受青睐,但常需大量SPICE仿真,且易早熟收敛。本文提出LLM-SPICEMixer,一种混合合成框架,通过IGEL(大模型引导进化)作为提议算子增强遗传网表生成。搜索过程中,IGEL以精英集中的高性能电路为提示,指令大模型生成新SPICE网表,经SPICE评估后使用与传统遗传操作相同的奖励机制选择。因此,大模型提供结构化拓扑建议,而仿真保持真实依据。我们在一项高难度基准任务上评估:生成实现鸢尾花分类判别函数的晶体管级电路。相比无大模型引导的遗传框架,LLM-SPICEMixer将最终训练奖励中位数提升8.4%,验证选中测试奖励中位数提升8.8%。最佳验证选中电路在标称tt角下测试准确率达93.3%,在17个工艺、电压、温度角上的平均测试准确率为85.9%。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Analog circuit topology synthesis remains challenging because useful designs occupy a tiny fraction of a combinatorial search space, and small structural changes can induce highly nonlinear changes in behavior. Evolutionary algorithms are attractive because they can optimize over discrete circuit topologies using only black-box evaluations, but they often require many SPICE simulations and may converge prematurely. We introduce LLM-SPICEMixer, a hybrid synthesis framework that augments genetic netlist generation with IGEL (Inspiration-Guided Evolution with LLMs), an LLM-based proposal operator. During search, IGEL prompts an LLM with high-performing circuits from the elite set and instructs it to generate a new SPICE netlist, which is then evaluated by SPICE and selected using the same reward mechanism as conventional genetic operators. Thus, the LLM contributes structured topology proposals while simulation remains the source of truth. We evaluate LLM-SPICEMixer on a challenging benchmark task: synthesizing transistor-level circuits that implement a discriminant function for Iris classification. Compared with the genetic framework without LLM guidance, LLM-SPICEMixer improves the median final training reward by 8.4% and the median validation-selected test reward by 8.8%. The best validation-selected circuit achieves 93.3% test accuracy at the nominal tt corner and 85.9% average test accuracy across 17 process, voltage, and temperature corners.
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